ap bio DNA
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17 Terms
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Okazaki fragments
\- segments in the lagging strand that builds away from the replication fork.
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Topoisomerase
\- relieves winding of the strand ahead of helicase.
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Helicase
\- enzymes that untwist the double helix at the replication forks.
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Semiconservative model
one parent strand and one daughter strand.
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Ligase
fuses okazaki fragments together.
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5→3-
general rule of how DNA builds from the 5 carbon strand to the 3 carbon.
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DNA polymerase III
builds DNA by using primers to build off from.
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DNA polymerase I
removes sections of RNA primer and replaces it with DNA nucleotides
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nuclease
cuts out and replaces damaged stretches of DNA (part of base excision repair)
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telomeres
buffers for extra nucleotides in order for DNA to not lose genes
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chargaffs rules
[G]=[C] [A]=[T]
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leading strand
new strand builds continuously, moving towards the replication fork
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lagging strand
DNA polymerase builds away from replication fork, not built continuously
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mismatch repair
repair enzymes correct errors in base pairing
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primase
adds RNA primers
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__single stranded binding protein__
bind to and stabilize single stranded DNA. keeps the DNA from coming together again
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telomerase
extends telomeres
Flashcards (29)