Psychoanalysis

Personality

Our characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.

Childhood sexuality and unconscious motivations

Freud’s psychoanalytic perspective proposed that _________ and __________ influence personality.

Psychoanalysis

Freud called his theory and associated techniques ________

Sigmund Freud’s Theory of Personality and Psychosexual Development

Sigmund’s full theory name

Unconsious

large below the surface area which contains thoughts, wishes, feelings and memories, of which we are unaware.

Free association

the patient is asked to relax and say whatever comes to mind, no matter how embarrassing or trivial.

iceberg

Freud believed that the human mind was like a/an _______.

Tip

In terms of the thoughts and impulses in our minds, we are only aware of the “_____ of the iceberg.”

The Id

The Ego

The Superego

Structures / Provinces of the Mind

Id

present at birth and represents our instinctual drives such as hunger, sex and aggression.

Id; pleasure principle

completely unconscious and operates on the “______ principle.”

1st

The Ego begins to develop during the ____ year of life

Ego; Reality Principle

balances the id’s urges with reality; is guided by the “_______ Principle”

Ego

The decision-maker/executive branch of personality

Defense mechanisms

When the ego is threatened by unconscious impulses, it will employ _________ to protect the conscious self.)

Denial

Repression

Regression

Projection

Reaction Formation

Rationalization

Displacement

Sublimation

Defense mechanisms

Superego

is the embodiment of societal rules, ethics and morals.

Superego

sets high standards for behavior and monitors the decisions of the ego.

Superego

causes feelings of guilt and shame when its standards aren’t met.

Moralistic and Idealistic Principle

The Superego is guided by the “___________ Principle”

Through a process of psychosexual development (psychosexual stages)

How does Freud explain socialization and self development?

Oral (0-18)

Anal (18-36)

Phallic (3-6)

Latency (6 to puberty)

Genital (puberty onwards)

Psychosexual Stages

Oral

Pleasure centers on the mouth-sucking, chewing, biting

Oral Stage

Oral Receptive: smoke, drink

Oral Aggressive: pessimism, aggression

Fixation may lead to gullibility, smoking, alcohol abuse, nail biting and/or excessive optimism/pessimism.

Anal Stage

Sexual gratification is obtained through contraction and relaxation of the muscles that control elimination

Anal stage

Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control

Anal Stage:

Anal Retentive: obsession with cleanliness and perfection

Anal Expulsive: messy and disorganized

Fixation may lead to cleanliness, perfection, or messy and disorganized

Phallic stage (penis; clitoris)

Libidinal energy is shifted to the phallic regions.

Phallic stage

Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings

Oedipus Complex

Electra Complex

2 substages in Phallic stage

Oedipus Complex

A conflict of the phallic stage in which the boy wishes to possess his mother sexually and perceives his father as a rival.

Electra Complex

a young girl longs for her father and resents her mother.

Carl Jung

Who coined the Electra Complex?

Latency stage

Dormant sexual feeling

Latency; unconscious

The pressures of the Oedipus and Electra complexes cause children to repress their sexual urges and enter a period of _______ where their urges remain _______.

Genital Stage

The mature stage of psychosexual development

Genital Stage

characterized by the preferred expression of libido via intercourse with an adult of the opposite gender.

Genital stage

Maturation of sexual interest

Pleasure centers on the mouth-sucking, chewing, biting

Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control

Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings

Dormant sexual feeling

Maturation of sexual interest

1. Pleasure centers on the mouth-sucking, chewing, biting

2. Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control

3. Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings

4. Dormant sexual feeling

5. Maturation of sexual interest

The Focus of each Stage