Organic Chemistry - Alcohols

MCAT Chapter 5

Description of Melting and boiling point

due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding, this results in significantly higher melting and boiling point

Alcohols solbuility in water

Higher due to the presence of hydrogen bonding

Mesylate

compound containing functional groups -SO₃CH₃

Tosylates

contain functional group -SO₃C₆H₄CH₃

Purpose of tosylates

can make alcohol better leaving groups and serve as protecting group

Reagent that oxidzies primary alcohol to aldehyde

PCCC

Can tertiary alcohols be oxidized

no as they are already as oxidized as can be without breaking a carbon carbon bond

What oxidizes primary alcohol to a carboxylic acid

chromium

Jones oxidation

CrO₃ oxidizes primary alcohols to carboxylic acid and secondary alcohols to ketones

how are Quinones synthesized

through oxidation of phenols

Hydroxyguniones

produced oxidation of quinone, adding variable number of hydroxyl group

Ubiquinone

another biologically active quinone that acts as an electron acceptor in complexes I, II, and III of the electron transport chain reduced to ubiquinol