Personality Theories and Social Influence

These flashcards cover key concepts from personality theories and social psychology based on the lecture notes.

Psychodynamic Theory

A theory of personality that emphasizes the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on behavior.

Behaviorist Theory

A perspective that suggests personality is shaped by the environment through reinforcement and observation.

Humanist Theory

A theory that focuses on individual growth, free will, and the drive toward self-actualization.

Big Five Traits

A model of personality that includes openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.

Cultural Approach

The view that personality is influenced by cultural norms and values, distinguishing between individualist and collectivist cultures.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A theory outlining five levels of human needs, from basic physiological needs to self-actualization.

Unconditional Positive Regard

A concept by Carl Rogers that refers to accepting and valuing a person without conditions.

Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency to attribute others' behavior to their personality traits rather than to situational factors.

Cognitive Dissonance

The psychological discomfort experienced when holding two conflicting beliefs or attitudes.

Bystander Effect

The phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help a victim when others are present.

Self-Serving Bias

The tendency to attribute successes to oneself and failures to external factors.

Social Learning Theory

Bandura's theory that emphasizes learning through observation and imitation of others.

Trait Theory

The perspective that personality consists of stable traits that influence behavior.

Altruism

Selfless concern for the well-being of others, often contrasted with selfish motivations.

Diffusion of Responsibility

A social psychological phenomenon where individuals are less likely to take responsibility to help in a group.