College Biology - Plant & Animal Names

Phylum Bryophyta

Mosses

Phylum Hepatophyta

Liverworts

Phylum Anthocerophyta

Hornworts

Phylum Lycophyta

Club mosses

Phylum Arthrophyta

Horsetails

Phylum Pterophyta

Ferns

Phylum Gnetophyta

Welwitschia

Phylum Cycadophyta

Palm-like leaves w/ big cones

Phylum Ginkgophyta

Ginkgo Biloba

Phylum Coniferophyta

Conifer, spruce, fir, etc.

Bryophytes are…

1. Non-vascular

2. Gametophyte Dominant

3. Depend on water for lifecycle

4. Only a few cm tall

Rhizoids

Root-like structures that transport water in non-vascular plants, specifically moss

Gammae

specialized, multicellular, asexual reproductive structures produced in cup-like structures (gemmae cups) on the surface of liverworts

What are the two types of vascular tissue?

Xylem and Phloem

Xylem

1. Transports water

2. Dead

3. Moves upward

Phloem

1. Transports food (sugar)

2. Living but cell contents moved to corner

3. Utilizes companion cells for support

What do club mosses look like?

Mini pine trees

What is the name of a baby fern?

Fiddlehead

Spores

Reproductive units on the backside of ferns

Frond

The entire leaf part of ferns

Archegonium

Female reproductive structure found in ferns

Antheridium

Male reproductive structure found in ferns

What are the two types of seeded vascular?

Gymnosperm and angiosperm

What is a gymnosperm’s gametophyte?

Cones

What is an angiosperm’s gametophyte?

Flowers

The pollen in gymnosperm is what gender?

Male

The pollen in angiosperm is what gender?

Male

Seeds have a…

1. Protective coat

2. Food supply

Welwitschia are…

Big leathery leaves

What are the two types of angosperms?

Monocot and dicot

Characteristics of monocots

1. Seeds are one cotyledon

2. Leaves are in parallel veins

3. Flowers are in groups of 3

4. Stems are vascular material that spreads throughout

5. Roots are fibrous (branches out everywhere)

Cotyledon

First leaf that emerge from a sprouting seed

Characteristics of monocots

1. Seeds are two cotyledon

2. Leaves are in branched veins

3. Flowers are in groups of 4-5

4. Stems are vascular material in rings

5. Roots are taproot (grow vertically down)

What gender is stamen?

Male

Receptale

Holds flowers up

What is the function of sepals?

The outer part of a flower that protects the egg before blooming

What are the non-vascular phylums?

Bryophyta, hepaticophyta, anthocerochyta

While non-vascular plants are gametophyte, vascular plants are…

Sporophyte

What are the seedless vascular phylums?

Lycophyta, arthrophyta, pterophyta

What are the gymnosperm phylums?

Gnetophyta, cycadophyta, ginkgophyta, coniferophyta