Medical Terminology- Nervous system Test Review

What does autonomic nervous system (ANS) primarily control?

Involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion

Which function is primarily regulated by the hypothalamus

Homeostasis and endocrine control

A fluid surrounding and cushioning the brain and spinal cord

CSF

Which part of the brain coordinates muscle movements and balance

Cerebellum

Which sense detects sound waves

Hearing

What is the purpose of the folds (gyri and sulci) in the cerebral cortex

To maximize the amount of gray matter in the skull

Which part of the brain stem acts as a bridge to the cerebellum

Pons

In EP studies, the EP means

Evoked potential

A type of brain injury cause by repeated head trauma often seen in athletes

CTE

What is the function of the anterior part of the spinal cord

Movement control

Which term refers to the loss of the ability to speak

Aphasia

What does the brain stem connect

The brain to the spinal cord

What is the primary role of the cerebral cortex

Handling advanced mental functions like memory and learning

Which glia cell in the CNS creates myelin

Oligodendrocyte

The term for a chronic progressive disease affecting motor neurons causing muscle weakness and atrophy is abbreviated

ALS

What causes Guillain- Barre syndrome

Autoimmune reaction that affects peripheral nerves

What are the three main functions of the nervous system

Sensation response and integration

Which part of the nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord

Central Nervous system

What does the cauda equina look like

A horses tail

Which of the following is a common characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases

Progressive damage to the nervous system

Guillain- Barre syndrome affects which part of the nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

Which lobe of the brain is located at the back and processes visual information

Occipital lobe

Damage to which area of the brain causes expressive aphasia

Broca’s area

What are two main divisions of the nervous system

Central and peripheral

What part of the neuron carries signals away from the cell body

Axon

What type of neuron has one axon and two or more dendrites

Multipolar

What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system

Neuron

What structure allows nerve fibers to enter the spinal cord from the back

Dorsal nerve root

Which term refers to the inflammation of the brain

Encephalitis

Neurons are responsible for

Transmitting electrical signals

What is the role of the axon hillock

Starts the nerve impulse

Which condition is characterized by progressive memory loss and cognitive decline

Alzheimer’s disease

What is the term for tumor made up of nerve cells

Neuroma

What is the term for the space between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released

Synapse

What type of response is pulling your hand away from something hot

Reflex response

What is the main function of dendrites

Receive signals

Which of the following is an example of a task that tests gnosis

Identifying objects by touch

What happens in multiple sclerosis (MS)

The myelin sheath in the central nervous system is damaged

A non invasive imaging technique used to visualize the body’s internal structures using magnetic fields

MRI

What is the medical term for the study of the nervous system

Neurology

What are the two main parts of the diencephalon

Thalamus and hypothalamus

Which part of the brain is primarily responsible for memory

Hippocampus and amygdala

What is tested in the praxis test

Performing tasks based on verbal instructions

The term for a short term condition also known as a mini stroke where the brain does not receive enough blood causing temporary neurological deficits is abbreviated

CVA

Which diagnostic test records electrical activity of the brain

EEG