MN Pesticide Applicator Test - Category A (Core)

An example of mechanical control

Using barriers to prevent pests from getting into an area

An example of physical/environmental control

Lowering the humidity of stored grains and other food products to reduce damage from mold

An example of biological control

Modifying the environment to enhance natural enemies

Exclusion

Sealing cracks, crevices, and small openings in buildings

Cultural control practices

Alter the environment, the condition of the host, or the behavior of the pest to prevent or suppress an infestation

Airports and ocean ports

The ports that are monitored by pest quarantine regulatory agencies

The main goal of pest management strategies in IPM

Maintaining pest damage at economically acceptable levels

An example of a preventative pest strategy

Planting weed and disease-free seed/sod

The lowest level an action threshold may be set at

Zero pest population density

Something that would increase the likelihood of pesticide resistance

Continual use of the same pesticides from the same chemical class

The federal agency responsible for registering or licensing pesticide products for use in the US

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

The federal law that governs the establishment of pesticide tolerances for food and feed products

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)

The federal law that requires that all pesticides meet new safety standards

Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA)

Four facts about the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)

State restrictions on pesticides may be more strict than those of FIFRA

Approved pesticide labels have the force of law

The EPA has the authority to remove pesticide products from the market

FIFRA regulates the registration and licensing of pesticide products

The minimum sizes of sites for experimental use permits required under section 5 of FIFRA when conducting experimental field tests on new pesticides or new use pesticides

10 or more acres of land, or 1 or more acres of water

The two categories of penalties that may be assessed for FIFRA violations

Civil and criminal penalties

A requirement of the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA)

Testing of pesticides for endocrine-disruption potential

What must be on pesticide products that might adversely affect endangered species, under the federal Endangered Species Protection Program

A label statement advising applicators to consult a county bulletin to determine if they must take any special precautionary measures when using the product

What is needed to apply a pesticide legally when a pest problem arises for which a food or feed commodity is not on the registered pesticide label, or a tolerance has not yet been established

An emergency registration

The section under FIFRA that exempts pesticides considered to pose minimum risk from registration

Section 24(c)

The trade name from the following pesticide label info:

Mectinite®, Emamectine Benzoate: A mixture of (4"R)-4"-deoxy-4"-(methylamino)avermectin B1 benzoate (MAB1 benzoate)

Mectinite

The common name from the following pesticide label info:

Mectinite®, Emamectine Benzoate: A mixture of (4"R)-4"-deoxy-4"-(methylamino)avermectin B1 benzoate (MAB1 benzoate)

Emamectin benzoate

The chemical name from the following pesticide label info:

Mectinite®, Emamectine Benzoate: A mixture of (4"R)-4"-deoxy-4"-(methylamino)avermectin B1 benzoate (MAB1 benzoate)

A mixture of (4"R)-4"-deoxy-4"-(methylamino)avermectin B1 benzoate (MAB1 benzoate)

Which statement about pesticide label names and ingredients is true?

Various manufacturers use different trade names even though the products contain the same active ingredient.

Signal words

Give the user an indication of the relative acute toxicity of the product to humans and animals

The signal word most likely to appear with the following route of entry statement:

"Extremely hazardous by skin contact—rapidly absorbed through the skin"

DANGER

An example of a specific action statement

"Do not breathe vapors or spray mist"

Something all DANGER labels contain

A note to physicians, describing appropriate medical procedures

Directions for mixing and loading a pesticide

Usually found under the directions for use

The party responsible for developing Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) on specific chemicals- and providing them on request

The product manufacturer

What "Sevin 5G" means

A granular pesticide with 5 percent active ingredients

Suspension

The pesticide formulations processed by dispersing solid particles in a liquid

Ready-to-use (low-concentrate) solutions (RTUs)

The liquid pesticide formulations consisting of a small amount of active ingredient (often 1% or less per unit volume) dissolved in an organic solvent

Ultra-low volume (ULV)

The liquid pesticide formulations that may approach 100% active ingredient

A disadvantage of both EC and ULV formulations

Solvents may cause rubber or plastic hoses, gaskets, and pump parts and surfaces to deteriorate

Water-dispersable granules (WDG) or dry flowables (DF)

The dry/solid pesticide formulations that are mixed in water and reduce the risk of inhalation exposure during mixing and loading

Pellets

The dry/solid pesticide formulations consisting of particles that are the same weight and shape

An advantage of microencapsulated materials

Delayed or slow release of the active ingredients prolongs their effectiveness

Surfactants

The adjuvant that functions as wetting agents and spreaders

Thickeners

The type of adjuvant that increases the viscosity of spray mixtures

Toxicity

The capacity of a pesticide to cause short-term (acute) or long-term (chronic) injury

Three harmful effects of pesticides

Fumigants can cause severe blisters

Asthma-like symptoms may be caused by allergies to pesticides

Many herbicides and fungicides cause dermatitis

Absorption through the skin

The most common route for pesticides to enter the body

DANGER is associated with

The signal word associated with Hazard Class I and chemicals that have severe corrosive properties, but do not necessarily have low oral LD50 values

Acute or delayed cholinesterase inhibition

Effects due to exposure to organophosphate or carbamate insecticides

Routine or emergency cholinesterase monitoring

Enables a physician to recognize the occurrence of excessive exposure to organophosphate or carbamate insecticides

Baseline cholinesterase blood testing

Should be done during the time of year when pesticides are not being used, or at least 30 days from the most recent exposure

Pesticides that cause systemic injury

May be as toxic when absorbed through the skin as when they are swallowed

First-aid response for pesticide exposure to the eye

Hold the eye open and immediately begin gently washing the eye with drips of clean water

Continuously rinse the eye for 15 minutes

Flush under the eyelid with water to remove debris

Get the victim to fresh air

The first thing you should do to help a victim of inhalation exposure

Lack of sweat

A symptom of heat stroke

Pesticide handlers and early-entry workers

Labels may have different PPE requirements for these workers

PPE chemical resistance

Is dependent on the type of solvent used to formulate the pesticide

Barrier laminate or butyl rubber

The material for gloves that provide the best protection against pesticides in Chemical Resistance Category "D"

The hands and forearms

The parts of the body most likely to be exposed to pesticides

An eyewash dispenser

What a pesticide handler must have access to if the label requires goggles for eye protection, according to the Worker Protection Standard

NIOSH-approved respirator with an organic vapor (OV) cartridge or canister with any N, R, P, or 100 series prefilter

The type of respirator that must be worn when applying liquid pesticides from Toxicity Class I, according to EPA criteria

Fit check

The purpose is to ensure you have a tight-fitting seal with no leaks each time you use a respirator

When washing contaminated PPE

After washing items, run the washer through at least one additional entire cycle without clothing

Storage of respirator cartridges

Cartridges must be stored in an air-tight bag, or they lose their effectiveness

High solubility

Increases the likelihood of pesticide runoff

Runoff and erosion

Two sources of surface water contamination by pesticides

Pesticides that dissolve and leach through the soil after it rains

An example of non-point-source groundwater contamination

A sandy soil, low in organic matter, where groundwater is shallow

The soil conditions where pesticides are more likely to leech

Terrace and conservation tillage practices

A recommended best-management practice for preventing the contamination of surface and groundwater by pesticides

Droplet size, and wind speed/direction

The two main things applicators should be most aware of, to avoid spray drift

Applying pesticides in the evening or during early morning

A way to protect bees from pesticide injury

Enclosed cargo boxes

Offer the best protection for transporting pesticides, though they are not always practical

Carefully consider soil and land surface characteristics

When selecting a storage site for pesticides, to prevent potential contamination of water sources

Transparent tape, or a coating of lacquer or polyurethane

Will prevent damage to pesticide labels

Immediately putting on PPE

The first thing you should do if you notice a damaged pesticide container

Three good practices for minimizing pesticide storage problems

Keep records of previous usage to make good estimates of future needs

Mark each pesticide container with the purchase date, and keep an inventory of all pesticides in storage

Be sure to note if the product has an effective shelf life listed on the label

Risk assessment

The first step a business should take to develop a sound pesticide security program

Three good security practices

Instructing employees on pesticide inventory control

Preventing access to equipment used in mixing, loading, or applying pesticides

Reporting suspicious behavior to the FBI

Outlining the sequence of actions to take in a crisis

The backbone of an emergency response plan

Recommended actions to take in the event of a fire involving pesticides

Construct dikes to contain contaminated runoff water

Notify the fire department and inform the firefighters of the nature of the pesticides involved

Contain small fires with fog, foam, or dry powder

Actions to take in the event of a pesticide spill

Rope off the contaminated area, keeping people at least 30 feet from the spill

Contain liquid spills by spreading absorbent material such as fine sand, vermiculite, clay, or pet litter over the entire spill

Use absorbent pillows or tubes to dike around the area

Sweep up the absorbed chemical and place it in a steel or fiber drum lined with a heavy-duty plastic bag

The proper cleanup procedure after a pesticide spill

The life cycle of the pest and the weather conditions

A consideration for deciding when to apply a pesticide

The various crops or areas on which the pesticide may legally be used

What the directions for use on a pesticide label indicate

Physical incompatability

When two or more pesticides mixed together form a putty or paste, separate into layers, or look like cottage cheese

Fill tank one-fifth to one-half full with carrier, add compatibility agent (if needed), add suspension products, add solution products, add surfactants (if needed), add emulsion products

The usual order for mixing pesticides

Use a sharp knife of scissors to open paper or cardboard boxes

The proper technique for opening pesticide containers

Disposed of in accordance with label directions and federal, state, and local laws and regulations

How empty pesticide containers must be disposed of

Non-hazardous waste containers

What both triple-rinsed and pressure-rinsed containers are considered

At or below labeled rates to target sites

The level of rinsate that may be applied

Four facts about pesticide equipment cleanup

Several commercial pesticide tank-cleaning compounds are available

Sprayers should be thoroughly rinsed with a water-detergent solution for several minutes

When getting ready to store your sprayer, add some lightweight oil to the tank before the final flushing

Remove pesticide residues from the spray tank when changing products

Spot application

Application of a pesticide to a small area

Foliar application

Application directly onto the leaves of plants

Space treatment

Application of a pesticide in an enclosed area

Soil incorporation

The use of tillage, rainfall, or irrigation equipment to move pesticide into the soil

Band application

Applying a pesticide in parallel strips or bands, such as between or over rows of crops

Crack and crevice application

Application of pesticide into cracks and crevices in buildings to control structural pests

Tree/stem injection

Application of pesticides under the bark of trees

Nozzle material should be selected based on

Selected based on pesticide formulation

Formula for calculating the area of a trapezoid

(base 1 + base 2) / 2 x height

Formula for calculating the area of a rectangle

base x height

Formula for calculating the area of a triangle

(base x height) / 2

Formula for calculating the area of a circle

(radius x radius) x pi

The minimum standard for direct supervision of a pesticide application by uncertified individuals, according to FIFRA

The application is done by a competent person acting under the instruction and control of a certified applicator who is available if and when needed