mommy baby exam 1

Pre-Pregnancy BMI

18.5 – 24.9

total Weight Gain

25-35 lbs

1 st Trimester weight gain

3.5 – 5 lbs

2 nd & 3 rd Trimesters weight gain

1 lb./week if heavier 1/2lbs

Blood Pressure of mom

less than 140/80

Hemoglobin of mom

: >11g/dL in 1 st & 3 rd Trimesters and >10.5 in 2nd

Platelets of mom

over 100,000

N/V, urinary frequency, breast tenderness, fatigue, ↑ vaginal discharge

1st trimester symtoms

heartburn, ankle edema, varicose veins, hemorrhoids, constipation, backache, leg cramps

2nd trimester symptoms

urinary frequency, dyspnea, round ligament pain, fatigue, backache, sleep difficulty

3rd trimester symtoms

Amniocentesis 15–20 weeks

detects chromosomal or biochemical abnormalities

Amniocentesis 32–39 weeks

fetal lung maturity (L/S ratio 2:1)

Kick counts:

10 movements in 2 hours OR 5–10 per hour

BP ≥140/90, proteinuria, headache, visual changes

Preeclampsia signs

when to do a Group B Strep

Screening at 35–37 weeks

iron a day

27 mg/day

folic acid per day

4 mg/day

what does magnesium sulfate do

prevents/treats seizures

magnesium sulfate loading dose

4–6 g IV

magnesium sulfate toxicity signs

loss of DTRs, RR <12, urine output <30 mL/hr

magnesium sulfate antidote

calcium gluconate

Failure to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected intercourse (or 6 months if >35 years old).

Infertility

Spontaneous abortion

pregnancy loss before 20 weeks.

Threatened

bleeding, cervix closed

Inevitable

bleeding + dilation

Incomplete

some products expelled

Complete

all products expelled

Missed

fetus dies but retained in uterus

when to do Quadruple Screening

15–22 weeks (optimal 16–18)

when to do a Non-Stress tests

• ≥32 weeks

when to use an ultrasound to confirm viability a pregnancy

6–7 weeks

when to do an ultrasound to do an anatomy scan

18–22

Macrosomia definition

over 8 lb baby

Fetal Heart Auscultation detectable by Doppler

10–12 weeks

fetal heart auscultation Normal FHR

110–160 bpm

Death during pregnancy → 42 days postpartum per 100,000 live births.

Maternal Mortality Rate

Death < 28 days per 1,000 live births

Neonatal Mortality Rate

Death < 1 year per 1,000 live births

Infant Mortality Rate

Chadwick’s sign

bluish‑purple cervix/vagina (↑ vascularity)

Goodell’s sign

softening of cervix

Hegar’s sign

softening of lower uterine segment

when does colostrum present

12-16 weeks

• Maintains corpus luteum.

• Detected 11–14 days post‑conception.

Peaks 8–12 weeks

hCG

• Placenta‑produced.

• “Anti‑insulin” → ↑ maternal glucose for fetus.

hPL

• Prevents contractions.

• ↓ smooth muscle tone → constipation, heartburn.

• Maintains uterine lining.

Suppresses maternal immune attack

Progesterone

• Suppresses FSH/LH (no ovulation).

• ↑ prolactin.

• Fetal organ growth.

• Uterine/breast growth.

• Dilates vessels; ↑ appetite/metabolism.

• Striae, chloasma.

Estrogen

Prenatal Visit Schedule 0–28 weeks

every 4 weeks

Prenatal Visit Schedule 28-36 weeks

every 2 weeks

Prenatal Visit Schedule 36-birth weeks

weekly

when to do Alpha‑Fetoprotein (AFP) Screening

15-22 weeks

what if you have a high AFP

neural tube defect

when to do Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

10–13 weeks

what does a Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) do

Detects chromosomal, metabolic, DNA abnormalities

why do a Amniocentesis Second trimester (15–20 weeks)

Chromosomal or biochemical abnormalities

why do a amniocentesis in third trimester

• Fetal lung maturity

• Hemolytic disease (Rh isoimmunization)

fundal Height 12 weeks

symphysis pubis

fundal height 20 weeks

umbilicus

when to do a glucose challenge test GCT

24-28 weeks

how to treat mom to reduce fetal transmission of HIV

Zidovudine (ZDV)

when to give Zidovudine (ZDV) to a baby

6-12 hours of birth

Rh‑negative mother + Rh‑positive fetus what to give to prevent sensitization

RhoGAM