TAYLOR FINAL

What was the Open Door Policy?

A policy that allowed all nations to trade equally with China.

What is imperialism?

A stronger country controlling or influencing a weaker country.

Why did imperialism grow?

Nations wanted resources, markets, and military power.

What was the Monroe Doctrine?

A warning to Europe not to interfere in the Americas.

What territories did the U.S. acquire?

Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

What two oceans did the Panama Canal connect?

The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

What was Teddy Roosevelt's foreign policy motto?

"Speak softly and carry a big stick."

What was the Progressive Era?

A period of reform to improve society and government (1890-1920).

How did Progressives view the federal government?

It should help solve social and economic problems.

Where did most Progressive reforms occur?

State and local governments.

Who were the muckrakers?

Journalists who exposed corruption and social problems.

Who won the presidential elections of 1912 and 1916?

Woodrow Wilson.

Who were Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucy Stone, and Susan B. Anthony?

Leaders of the women's suffrage movement.

What did the 18th Amendment do?

Banned alcohol (Prohibition).

What did the 19th Amendment do?

Gave women the right to vote.

What happened in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914?

Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated.

Who were the Central Powers?

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

Who were the Allied Powers?

Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and the United States.

What was the Schlieffen Plan?

Germany's plan to defeat France quickly before fighting Russia.

What happened in Russia in March 1917?

The Russian Revolution began.

Was the U.S. military desegregated during WWI?

No, it was segregated.

How were African American soldiers used in France?

Mostly labor units; some fought with French forces.

What new technologies were used in WWI?

Tanks, airplanes, machine guns, poison gas, and submarines.

When did WWI begin?

1914.

When did WWI end?

November 11, 1918.

What were the Fourteen Points?

A peace plan created by Woodrow Wilson.

What organization was created to maintain world peace?

League of Nations.

Who were flappers?

Young women who challenged traditional social norms.

Who was Jeannette Rankin?

The first woman elected to Congress.

Who was Charles Lindbergh?

The first person to fly solo across the Atlantic.

Who was Amelia Earhart?

A famous female pilot.

What did the 21st Amendment do?

Ended Prohibition.

What was the Great Migration?

The movement of African Americans from the South to Northern cities.

What was the Harlem Renaissance?

A major African American cultural movement in the 1920s.

What happened to Czar Nicholas II?

He was forced to step down and later executed.

What happened to Kerensky's government?

It was overthrown by the Bolsheviks.

Who was Vladimir Lenin?

The communist leader of Russia.

Under communism, who owns land and businesses?

The government.

What was the Schenck case decision?

Free speech could be limited during wartime.

What is buying on an installment plan?

Buying now and paying later over time.

What was Black Tuesday?

The stock market crash on October 29, 1929.

What caused the stock market collapse?

Speculation, buying on margin, overproduction, and weak banks.

What is a recession?

A short-term economic slowdown.

What is a depression?

A severe, long-term economic downturn.

What was happening to stock prices before the crash?

They were inflated beyond their real value.

What happened in the Southwest during the Depression?

The Dust Bowl damaged farms and crops.

How did Hoover respond to the Depression?

Limited government action and voluntary cooperation.

What was a Hooverville?

A shantytown built by homeless people.

Who was Franklin D. Roosevelt?

President elected in 1932 who created the New Deal.

Why did the Bonus Army march on Washington?

They wanted early payment of war bonuses.

When did the Great Depression begin?

1929.

When did it end?

Around 1941.

What were the three goals of the New Deal?

Relief, Recovery, and Reform.

How did conservatives view the New Deal?

They believed it gave the government too much power.

What were major causes of the Great Depression?

Stock market crash, bank failures, overproduction, and debt.

What is the SEC?

Securities and Exchange Commission; regulates the stock market.

When was the SEC created?

1934.

What was the NIRA?

National Industrial Recovery Act; helped businesses and workers.

What was the PWA?

Public Works Administration; built roads, schools, bridges, and dams.

What was the Social Security Act of 1935?

Created pensions and aid for retirees, unemployed, and disabled people.

Who was Frances Perkins?

First woman cabinet member and Secretary of Labor.

Who was Benito Mussolini?

Fascist dictator of Italy.

What political party did Mussolini create?

The Fascist Party.

Who was Hideki Tojo?

Japanese military leader and prime minister.

Who was Emperor Hirohito?

Emperor of Japan during WWII.

Who was Paul von Hindenburg?

German president who appointed Hitler chancellor.

Who was Adolf Hitler?

Nazi leader of Germany.

When did Hitler come to power?

1933.

What office did Hitler first hold?

Chancellor.

Who was Joseph Stalin?

Soviet dictator who took power after Lenin.

When did Stalin succeed Lenin?

1924.

What did Stalin do to Ukrainian farmers?

Forced collectivization, causing famine.

What were gulags?

Soviet forced labor camps.

What was appeasement?

Giving Hitler land to avoid war.

What happened on September 1, 1939?

Germany invaded Poland and WWII began.

What is blitzkrieg?

A fast attack using tanks and aircraft.

What was Japan's relationship with Manchuria?

Japan invaded and controlled it.

What was the Tripartite Pact?

Alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan.

What happened on December 7, 1941?

Attack on Pearl Harbor.

How did the U.S. try to stay out of WWII?

Neutrality Acts and isolationism.

When did the Russian Revolution occur?

1917.

When did the U.S. enter WWI?

1917.

When was the 19th Amendment ratified?

1920.

When did the Stock Market Crash occur?

1929.

When was FDR elected?

1932.

When did Hitler become Chancellor?

1933.

When was the Social Security Act passed?

1935.

When did WWII begin in Europe?

1939.

When did the attack on Pearl Harbor occur?

December 7, 1941.