General Biology 116 Exam 2 Study Notes

CORRECTLY sequence the pathway for a water-soluble hormone.

I. Hormone travels in bloodstream

II. CAMP is produced

III. Hormone binds to receptor

IV. Protein kinase is activated

V. G protein is activated

I —> III —> V —> II —> IV

Identify which statement best describes the ultimateresult of positivefeedback regulation.

a. Prevent aphysiological change.

b. Reduce magnitude of a stimulus.

c. Increase magnitude of a stimulus.

d . Restore conditions to a normal range.

C. Increase magnitude of a stimulus.

Identify which hormone is released from the anterior pituitary.

a. norepinephrine

b.GnRH

c. oxytocin

d. TSH

TSH

CORRECTLY sequence the cells in the male reproductive system in the order in which they appear from earliest to latest during the process of spermatogenesis.

I. primary spermatocyte II. secondary spermatocyte Ill. spermatogonium

IV. mature sperm cell

V. spermatid

III—>I—>II—>V—>IV

Identify which of the following is TRUE about the head region of a mature sperm cell.

a. Provides energy for the flagellum.

b.Secretes testosterone.

c. Contains mitochondria

d. contains acrosome and nucleus.

d. contains acrosome and nucleus.

Sequence the male reproductive system. In an analysis of a patient's semen, you find there is very little citric acid present. Diagnose which structure is not functioning properly.

a. seminiferous tubules

b. seminal vesicles

c. bulbourethral glands

d. prostate gland

d. prostate gland

Identify which statements are TRUE regarding egg and sperm.

.I sperm are usually motile

I. eggs often move using cilia

Il. eggs are generally larger

IV. eggs are diploid, while sperm are haploid

a. l and II

Identify which cells are haploid.

I. zygote

II.spermatid

lIl. primary oocyte

IV. first polar body

d. II and IV

Identify which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the secretory phase in the uterus,

a. Estradiol

b.Luteinizing hormone (LH)

c. Progesterone

d. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)

C. Progesterone

CORRECTLY sequencethe menstrual cycle beginning with Day 1 as GnRH is released.

.I Growing follicle secretes increasingamounts of estradiol

Il. Ovulation

III. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) surge

IV. Progesterone secreted by corpusl u t e u m

a. I—>III—>II—>IV

CORRECTLY sequence the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, starting with the hypothalamus.

I. Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) secreted

II. Estradiol secretion increases as follicle develops

III. Estradiol secreted at low levels

IV. LuteinizingHormone (LH) secreted at highlevels

V. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle Stimulating Hormone

(FSH) secreted at low levels

I—>V—>III—>II—>IV

37. Sequence fertilization. Identify the event that directly triggers egg activation.

a. Wave of Ca ions

b. Completion of meiosis II

c. Cortical reaction

d. Karyogamy

b. Completion of meiosis II

CORRECTLY sequence human early human development

I. Karyogamy

I. Formation of the blastula

I. Plasmogamy

IV. Calcium wave

V. Acrosomal reaction

V—>III—>IV—>I—>II

CORRECTLY sequence oogenesis, fertilization, and development. Start with a zygote that will become a female embryo.

I. Prophase I

I. Egg activation

IN. LH (luteinizing hormone) spike

IV. Trophoblast develops

V. Invagination of neural tube

I—>III—>II—>IV—>V

Identify the structure that becomes the central nervous system in chordates.

a. notochord

b. neural crest

c. mesoderm

d. neural tube

d. neural tube

You have found an animal that has a nerve net. What else do you expect to find about this organism?

a Triploblasty

b. Radial symmetry

c. Cephalization

d. Deuterostome

a. Triploblasty

Identify which glial cells have a plasma membrane that contains a large amount of myelin.

a. oligodendrocytes

b . microglia

c. astrocytes

d. ependymal cells

a. oligodendrocytes