us history

marco polo

he made it from italy in 20 years

ferdinand and isabella

Power couple of Spain/europe and funded Columbus’s journey

disease that killed a lot of people

Smallpox

The Colombian exchange

Everything that was going from the New World to the old world

treaty of tordesillas line

Spain had the west Portugal had the east

two most powerful countries at the time

Portugal and Spain (dominated exploration)

England versus permanent settlement in the New World

jamestown in 1607

The ecomienda system

Conquistador’s get a piece of land and gave them the right to use the Indians for labor

balboa

The first European to see the Pacific Ocean from that side of the world

Ferdinand Magellan

First person to go all the way around the world

ponce de Leon

first person to step foot in America in search for the fountain of youth

Amerigo Vespucci

First person record that where they went wasn’t the East Indies

northwest passage

still trying to make it to the East Indies

the spanish armada

they sent 130 ships and 27,000 men to once england and the defeat of the spanish armada cleared the path for English colonization and dominance of the seas

mercantilism

Economic theory that became dominant for about 200 years states that a country should acquire as much gold, silver and materials as possible, because they only have a fixed amount of wealth in their own country and they did this beginning colonies to provide the materials exporting more than the import

joint stock company

a way for people to earn quick profit

john rolfe

The father of tobacco

head right system

land owners paid for an indentured slaves trip and they would get a head right (land) and this made people very wealthy

The slave trade/triangular trade

trading goods but using slaves to do so

Act of toleration

Gave religious freedom to all Christians

Plymouth

The second permanent settlement

King Phillips war

Bloodiest war in the colonial. Attacked white settlers, who goes on his land, slowed the Westward movements.

bacons rebellion

lead in Virginia when they wanted revenge so they said Jamestown on fire and foreshadowed the revolution

The great awakening 1730s

A massive religious movement where people start to believe that the king shouldn’t be making all of the decisions and people should make the rules and spark the want for higher education

zenger trial

set the precedent of freedom of press and speech

Stone rebellion

First ever documented slave rebellion lead to harsher punishments for slaves

The Paxton boys

frontier man who marched from the Appalachian Mountains to Philly looking for a change and ben franklin ended it

navigation act 1650

Santa Americans couldn’t buy sell or ship or manufacture. Anything for a profit and couldn’t have banks led to smuggling.

The age of enlightenment

many American colonist are to become attracted by this European movement of literature and philosophy. John Locke was an advocate.

French and Indian war 1754 to 1763

This was for total control of North America, France, and Indians versus Britain and colonists

albany plan 1754

initially was meant to persuade that Iroquois to fight on the side of the British but became a plan for the colonies to form one union so they could levy taxes, raise troops and regulate trade

treaty of Paris

Britain received all of Canada America east of the Mississippi river, Florida and Caribbean islands

Pontiac rebellion

native Americans were upset about the British rule after the 7 years war

proclamation of 1763

American colonists are not allowed to move west of the Appalachian mountains because they want to be able to watch them and control them

salutary neglect

British women interfere in American politics as long as it serves British economic interest

sugar act 1764

first law passed by Parliament for raising taxes in the colonies, for the benefit of England increased taxes on sugar and importation

1765 quartering act

Colonist had to provide food and living conditions for British troops

1765 stamp act

A direct tax that raise revenue to support the military in the colonies and required the use of a stamp on most printed paper in the colonies

virginia resolves

only colonist should propose taxes and believe that colonial assemblies had the right not Parliament made by Patrick Henry and James otis

virtual representation

Every member of Parliament represented all British subjects, no matter where they lived

stamp act Congress

Colonist refused to import. British goods stamp back is repealed.

committees of correspondence

A communication network to share news of British information

declaratory act

statement of England’s right to rule over the colonies, however they wanted

Townshend act

Tax on glass lead paper and tea

The Boston massacre

Drunken mom of people through things at troops and the troops killed people

Boston tea party 1773

Dumped the tea overboard

coercive acts / intolerable act

Close the Boston Harbour until the tea was paid for and strengthen the quartering act and reduced our rights of self-government

The first continental Congress 1774

they Elect George Washington as chairman to fight the British and they send them to destroy military supplies

Second continental Congress

appointment of George Washington to lead

state constitutions

every state will revamp their constitutions state power

land ordinance of 1785

Surrey and sold western lands to pay off debt

Northwest ordinance of 1787

set new rules for all the states would be added to the union set a precedent for prohibiting slavery in the region first law ever about stopping slavery

barberry Pirates

Pirates causing chaos in the Mediterranean Sea

she is rebellion 1786 -1787

Angry farmers, who were rebelling success of the articles of confederation and showed people that they needed a new government because it wasn’t strong enough

constitutional convention 1787

where they were creating the new constitution

federalist vs anti-federalist

The federalist favor of strong federal government in the anti-federalist oppose a strong federal government, and wanted sovereignty to the states

The federalist papers

series of articles designed to dress the importance of a stronger federal government by Hamilton, Madison and John Jay

George Washington

Only president in American history to win a unanimous decision in the electoral college

Bill of Rights

By James Madison offered checks and balances

Hamilton’s financial plan

Make a plan to fix the countries, economic problems had funding were money was depreciated when you turn your money and then you’ll get a bond assumption was when he wanted the foreign and national debt paid in full government will assume all the states into one national debt he wants dad to make a national debt because it’s creating a life lasting relationship with other countries

excise taxes

A double tax on the manufacturer and consumer first put on whiskey

The Bank of the United States

Print money, place to deposit federal tax money from tariffs and taxes, provide loans, in charge of organizing bonds

strict versus broad constructionism

Hamilton view of broadly Jefferson view strictly

neutrality proclamation

What Lincoln issued during the French revolution

The whiskey rebellion

farmers in Pennsylvania protesting the excise tax. They were mad that they weren’t being represented then Washington rides to Pennsylvania with 13,000 troops and it made people think the government was way too powerful because overkill and excessive power was used.

jays treaty

John J promised to pay Britains war debt

impressment

Britain soldiers attacked and boarded American ships and kidnapped them and made them work for the royal Navy

pinckeys treaty

give United States free navigation of the Mississippi river and disputed land north of the Gulf of Mexico

washington’s farewell address

He says everyone is replaceable, future is to the west, and stress, the avoidance of permanent alliances, foreign wars, political parties,

The XYZ affair

when we sent three American envoys to France to meet the prince, we did not get the name of the people they met and they said they wanted money if they wanted to talk

1798 to 1800 the quasi war

begin mostly because of the XYZ affair and was an undeclared naval war with France

Convention of 1800

no more obligation to France, damage shippers were to be paid, no more alliance

The alien and sedition acts

The foreign people coming in wanted to become citizens, but they didn’t want people to support Jefferson so they said you have to live our country for 14 years

sedition act made it illegal to speak or write bad about the government or president during war which contradicted our first amendment and they would’ve been putting people who wrote this law

The Virginia and Kentucky resolution

secretly written said, the alien sedition acts were unconstitutional in this presented the theory of nullification

nullification

The constitution was an agreement among the state states to establish a federal government as an active exceeded the powers of the constitution than an individual state had the right not to obey it or nullify it

revolution of 1800

What a modern peaceful replacement of one governing party over another one when Jefferson became president

what jefferson did

get rid of the alien and act let people out of jail get rid of excise taxes, but kept the national bank important precedent

judiciary act of 1801

created 16 new federal judge positions they use court packing called the midday judges so they could get federalist in the court

john marshall

longest served chief justice in all of history, last federalist and the country and known as the ghost of Alexander Hamilton

Marbury versus Madison

promoted concept known as judicial review, which is when the Supreme Court alone has the right to do something constitutional or unconstitutional

The barberry Pirates back again

countries paid the tributes they would be protected and we fight them and win

Louisiana purchase

sold to us for $50 million. It was the greatest real estate organ ever avoided a possible word France avoiding alliance with Britain and America is doubled in size without fighting.

The duel

burr tricks hamilton and they end up in a duel, and Burr kills him

embargo act 1807

an embargo when you stop shooting with other country and it was enforced on all of Europe and this has many negative effects on our country economy

The non-intercourse act

place the embargo on Britain and France

macon’s bill no. 2

give Madison the power to prohibit trade with any nation that violated US neutrality said if England or France stop using American ships, they agreed to recognize the rates of American ships as well. Let us to the war of 1812

The Warhawks

Created by Henry Clay and they wanted free trade sailors, rights and land

The war of 1812

Referred to as the worst American fault war with Britain because the reason was unclear

Battle of New Orleans 1815

Andrew Jackson lead 7000 different men the British lose

treat of ghent 1814

end of the war, but nothing changed

The Hartford convention

The federalist wanted to make a harder to pass embargo’s , add states, and declare war

death of the federalist party

The Napoleonic wars

killed 3.5 million people small war globally, but change America in long-term. We build more factories and manufacturing gets bigger.

nationalism

gives assistance of our own identity

The American system

A strong banking, easy credit, protective terrors, network of roads and canals, used horse and buggy, trains become more reliable, and cheaper

Rush bangot treaty

put a border between Canada and the United States

The era of good feelings

James Madison presidency

The Missouri compromise 1820

Missouri compromise line made Allstate south slave and all north free

sectionalism

The vast differences between the north and south

The Florida frenzy

Andrew Jackson went to help restore law and order in Florida. He killed multiple people.

Adam onis treaty

We pay paid $5 million for Florida and made a real border between the US and the Spanish territories