Sociology : Education

What do Functionalists believe is the role of education in society?

Education creates value consensus and social solidarity, promoting integration and preparing individuals for work roles.

What is meritocracy according to Parsons?

Meritocracy is the system used by education to allocate roles based on ability.

How does the Marxist perspective view education?

Education serves the interests of the capitalist class and reproduces class inequality.

What do Bowles and Gintis argue about the education system?

They argue that education reproduces class inequality through the hidden curriculum and the correspondence principle.

What is cultural capital according to Bourdieu?

Cultural capital refers to the knowledge, behaviors, and values that middle-class students possess, which are rewarded by schools.

How does poverty affect educational performance?

Poverty, poor housing, and lack of resources negatively affect educational performance.

What is institutional racism in schools?

Institutional racism refers to low expectations, curriculum bias, and fewer positive role models for minority students.

What does the term 'hidden curriculum' refer to in education?

The hidden curriculum refers to unofficial lessons and values taught in schools, such as obedience and punctuality.

What are some factors influencing the school curriculum?

Factors include power dynamics, cultural representation, gender norms, and economic demands.

How can social class influence academic achievement?

Social class affects parental attitudes, resources available, and school labeling, impacting students' overall performance.

What is the impact of teacher expectations on student performance?

Teacher expectations can lead to a self-fulfilling prophecy, affecting students' academic outcomes.

What changes have occurred in gender socialization regarding education?

Girls are increasingly socialized to be obedient, verbal, and studious, while boys receive less encouragement for academic expression.

What does Sharpe say about changing female expectations?

Sharpe notes that girls today are more ambitious compared to previous generations.

What is meant by anti-school subcultures?

Anti-school subcultures are groups formed by boys who reject school values and behaviors.