Cellular Respiration Video Notes

aerobic cellular respiration

the process by which cells use oxygen to obtain usable energy (ATP)from an energy source (glucose)

anaerobic respiration

Respiration that does not require oxygen

lactic acid fermentation

the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product

alcohol fermentation

when no oxygen is present, following glycolysis, pyruvic acid is converted to alcohol and carbon dioxide

Cristae

folds in the inner membrane of mitochondria that increase surface area

Glycolysis

first step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid

Krebs cycle

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide

Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

uses the high-energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP into ATP

ATP

adenosine triphosphate (cellular energy)

ADP

a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group

Mitochondria

organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production

Endothermic

Absorbs heat

Exothermic

Releases heat

Is cellular respiration endothermic or exothermic?

exothermic