APUSH AP TEST TERMS

Bacon's Rebellion

poor whites and indentured servants in Jamestown rebelled against elite planters for economic opportunity

American Revolution

13 colonies fought Britain for independence creating the United States

War of 1812

U.S. fought Britain again; Washington D.C. burned but independence maintained

Mexican-American War

manifest destiny led U.S. to war with Mexico gaining western land

Civil War

southern states seceded; war led to abolition of slavery (13th Amendment)

World War II

U.S. entered after Pearl Harbor and helped defeat Axis powers

Spanish-American War

U.S. supported Cuba and gained territories like the Philippines

Cold War

U.S. vs Soviet Union rivalry with proxy wars like Korea and Vietnam

World War I

U.S. joined after Lusitania and Zimmerman Telegram helped end the war

War on Terror

response to 9/11 with wars in Iraq and Afghanistan

King Philip's War

colonists fought Native Americans led by Metacom in a deadly conflict

Marbury v. Madison

established judicial review and strengthened Supreme Court power

Worcester v. Georgia

Cherokee resisted removal tied to the Trail of Tears

Dred Scott v. Sandford

ruled enslaved people could not sue for freedom

Plessy v. Ferguson

legalized segregation under separate but equal

Schenck v. United States

limited free speech during WWI especially anti-draft protests

Korematsu v. United States

upheld Japanese American internment during WWII

Brown v. Board of Education

ruled segregation unconstitutional ending separate but equal

McCulloch v. Maryland

states cannot tax federal institutions strengthening federal power

George Washington

first U.S. president and Revolutionary War hero

Thomas Jefferson

wrote Declaration of Independence and made Louisiana Purchase

James Madison

framer of Constitution and president during War of 1812

James Monroe

created Monroe Doctrine warning Europe against colonization

Andrew Jackson

expanded democracy for white men and enforced Indian Removal Act

Abraham Lincoln

preserved Union and ended slavery

Theodore Roosevelt

progressive president known for Square Deal and conservation

Woodrow Wilson

WWI president who promoted League of Nations and 14 Points

Herbert Hoover

responded to Great Depression with limited government action

Harry S. Truman

used atomic bombs and began Cold War containment

Dwight Eisenhower

warned of military industrial complex and enforced desegregation

John F. Kennedy

handled Cuban Missile Crisis and promoted space race

Lyndon B. Johnson

created War on Poverty and escalated Vietnam War

Franklin D. Roosevelt

New Deal president who led during Great Depression and WWII

William McKinley

led U.S. in Spanish American War and expanded empire

Ronald Reagan

conservative New Right leader with strong Cold War policies

Richard Nixon

détente and Vietnamization but resigned after Watergate

Pre-contact

time before European arrival in the Americas

Early Exploration

European exploration and discovery of the Americas

Colonial America

establishment of European colonies in North America

American Revolution

colonies gained independence from Britain

Early Republic

beginning of U.S. government under Constitution

Jacksonian Era/Antebellum

expansion of democracy and rising sectional tensions

Civil War

conflict between Union and Confederacy

Reconstruction

rebuilding the South after Civil War

Gilded Age

industrial growth with political corruption and inequality

Age of Empire (Imperialism)

U.S. expansion overseas

World War II

global war against Axis powers

Cold War/Nuclear Age

U.S. Soviet rivalry and nuclear tension

Civil Rights Movement

fight for racial equality and desegregation

Globalism

increased global economic and political connections

1492

Columbus reached the Americas

1607

Jamestown founded first permanent English settlement

1776

Declaration of Independence signed

1789

U.S. Constitution adopted

1803

Louisiana Purchase doubled U.S. size

1812

War of 1812 against Britain

1828

Andrew Jackson elected expanding democracy

1848

Mexican American War ended and U.S. gained land

1860

Lincoln elected leading to Civil War

1945

end of WWII and start of Cold War

1954

Brown v Board ended school segregation

1965

U.S. escalated Vietnam War

1989

Berlin Wall fell ending Cold War

Federalist Party

supported Constitution and strong federal government

Anti-Federalists

opposed Constitution and favored states rights

Democratic-Republican Party

supported strict Constitution and states rights

Democrat Party

Jacksonian party supporting agrarian interests and states rights

Whig Party

supported economic development and strong federal role

Republican Party

founded in 1854 to stop spread of slavery

Know Nothing Party

nativist party opposing immigration and Catholics

New Left

1960s liberal movement focused on social change

New Right

1980s conservative movement led by Reagan