Human Occupations II Final Exam Study Guide

An OTA who is a new graduate is being pressured by an administrator to administer evaluations because they are short of help. The OTA explained the role of the occupational therapist and OTA, but the employer threatened time off without pay if the OTA did not cooperate. The OTA should

refuse to administer evaluations and contact the state OT practice associations and AOTA.

An OTA is working with a patient and is using a board with buttons and fasteners. The patient asks, “Why am I buttoning a board?” The OTA should

explain that this is an enabling activity and will follow with buttoning a sweater.

An OTA is working with an individual who has an upper extremity injury and is planning to use a thermal modality. The OTA should

use the modallity before or during functional activities

An OTA is working with an individual who shares that it is important to him to wake at the same time every day, meet friends for coffee and doughnuts at 10 AM, and watch a favorite TV show at 8 PM. This is an example of

habituation

During an initial interview, the OTA learns that the patient is a victim of domestic violence and is requesting no visitors. Using active listening skills, the OTA should

rephrase the patient’s request by saying, “Do I understand you correctly that you do not want any visitors?”

An OTA is working with an individual who has multiple sclerosis and has low endurance. When planning an intervention and grading an activity, the OTA should plan activities that

require less effort

The occupational profile is reviewed once the client's goals have been established. 

False

An OTA is teaching an individual who has a traumatic brain injury to use an assistive technology device. The OTA should FIRST focus on the individual’s

ability to control the technology

An OTA is contributing to writing treatment plan goals in the form of behavioral objectives. The OTA should include

clear, specific, and measurable terms

When selecting activities, the OTA should consider

activities that the individual finds interesting.

An OTA is observing an individual during cooking activity and notices that the individual has deficits related to unilateral ideomotor apraxia. Which of the following activities would indicate a deficit?

Inability to initiate movement when asked to walk to the oven and turn it on

An OTA is working in a setting with children and is ordering a wheelchair for a 10-year-old child. The OTA should FIRST consider

the child’s growth, ability to propel the chair, and options for custom seating.

During the initial interview, the patient is describing her home layout and gives a rather lengthy account of the changes in the neighborhood over the years, homes that have been remodeled, and memories of children growing up in a safe place. The OTA should

redirect the patient to keep the discussion focused.

An OTA is transferring an individual from the wheelchair to the toilet and notices that the individual’s weight has shifted to one side. The OTA should

provide verbal cues and physical assistance to bring the individual in midline before completing the transfer.

A service-competent OTA is asked to fabricate a splint using a new material. The OTA should

mold a sample to become familiar with the material.

An OTA is administering the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) to identify activities that an individual considers leisure and social. The advantage of this standardized assessment is

it focuses on activities that are valued by the individual as something he needs, wants, and is expected to do.

After establishing service competency and administering standardized tests, the OTA should

communicate the results to the occupational therapist to interpret.

When planning interventions for individuals, the OTA should consider

purposeful activities that are goal-directed.

An OTA is developing an intervention plan to address participation in leisure and social activities. The intervention should focus on activities that

promote, restore, and modify participating in current and future activities.

An OTA is working with an individual who lacks thermal sensation and will be living alone. The OTA should plan intervention with a focus on

burn prevention methods and precautions against injury in ADL.

An OTA is instructing an individual on a splint-wearing schedule. The OTA should recommend

building up tolerance by wearing the splint over a few days.

Therapeutic exercise is an example of

preparatory task

An OTA is observing an individual prepare breakfast in a manner similar to how she would do it at home. The OTA would use this information to determine

further training, need for special equipment, and level of independence.

An OTA is planning to teach individuals in a group how to plan a trip on public transportation. The OTA should

use various teaching methods to suit each person’s learning style and ability.

An OTA is working in a home with a patient when a medical emergency occurs. The OTA should FIRST

call for assistance before initiating emergency care.

An OTA is ordering a wheelchair for an individual who has orthopedic problems and lower extremity edema. Which of the following footrests would best meet the individual’s needs?

Elevated

When selecting activities, the OTA should consider

activities that the individual finds interesting.

An OTA is working with an individual who has difficulty with motor learning. The OTA should plan intervention with a focus on performing motor skills

in a variety of environments and under a variety of conditions.

An OTA working in an outpatient clinic observes the clinic's administrative assistant leaving patient records open on the clinic's recpetion counter. The assistant has left the clinic to go for lunch. Which action is best for the OTA to take in response to this observation?

Pick up the records and place them in a location out of public view

An occupational therapist and OTA, who are both new graduates, are working together in a skilled nursing facility. To ensure that they function in their respective roles, they should

review the state licensure law.

An invidivual with a T1 SCI is practicing a stand-pivot transfer in the OT department of a rehablitation center. The patient complains of dizziness and nausea. Which action is most important for the OTA to take first?

Return the person to the wheelchair and immediately recline it

An older adult with COPD and OA is preparing for discharge from a subacute rehabilitation center. During a family training session on how to complete car transfers, a family member expresses concern about the person's ability to continue driving. The family member explains that the patient has been experiencing episodes of forgetfulness and trouble with focusing on a task. Which action is the best for the OTA to take to address the family member's concern?

Document and report the family's concern to the supervising therapist

During an initial interview, a patient states that she has never heard of occupational therapy and asks the OTA for an explanation. The OTA should

project confidence and explain the effectiveness of occupational therapy and the roles of the occupational therapist and OTA

An OTA works at a facility that is in the process of implementing software for documentation purposes. The advantage of an automated system includes which of the following?

It helps with data collection, saves time, and provides information for administrative reports.

An individual with a head injury is able to state a goal and follow a schedule while in a rehabilitation setting. When discussing discharge with the family, the OTA should

explain that the home setting may provide less structure, and deficits will become more apparent.

An OTA is contributing to writing treatment plan goals in the form of behavioral objectives. The OTA should include

clear, specific, and measurable terms.

During an initial interview, the OTA learns that the patient is a victim of domestic violence and is requesting no visitors. Using active listening skills, the OTA should

rephrase the patient’s request by saying, “Do I understand you correctly that you do not want any visitors?”

An OTA is contributing to reevaluating an individual who has been at the treatment facility for an extended period of time. Documentation should

revised goals and treatment timelines.

During evaluation sessions, the OTA should

select tasks that are safe and relatively simple.

An individual who uses a wheelchair is unable to detect pain sensation. The OTA should

stress the importance of repositioning and checking the skin for breakdown.

The family of an individual with MS being discharged from a long-term care facilitiy offers the OTA a substantial cash gift. The OTA refuses the money, but the family insists that the OTA take the cash gift. Which is the OTA's best response?

Thank the family for their thoughtfulness and decline the gift

An OTA recommends that an individual attend a cooking group twice a week. Using the SOAP note format, the OTA should document the recommendation in

plan

An OTA is developing an intervention to teach an individual how to maneuver a wheelchair in the hospital cafeteria. Before treatment the occupational therapist should

assess CNS function to determine learning tasks and teaching methods.

During OT treatment, an individual complains of pain in the shoulder while putting on a shirt. Using the SOAP note format, the OTA should document the complaint in

subjective

The evaluation of occupational performance in ADLs and Instrumental ADLs is done with a top-down approach. This approach focuses first on

the person as a whole

An OTA is working with an individual who works during the evening hours. The individual prefers to shower in the early afternoon. When planning ADL evaluation, the OTA should

schedule the evaluation during the early afternoon

An OTA is working with an individual who requests to see his medical chart. The OTA should

refer the individual to the medical records department.

An OTA is working with an individual who displays difficulty in reaching to place objects on a table and cannot discriminate distance from the hand to face. The OTA should plan treatment intervention that includes

touching and identifying body parts

An individual would like to learn how to descend a curb independently. Before providing training, the OTA should assess

balance, arm strength, and bilateral grip

An individual is having difficulty looking up a number in a telephone book and calling a pharmacy to renew a prescription. The OTA should

perform an activity analysis and have the individual perform components that evoke success.

An individual with an SCI plans to return to an apartment that is not accessible. The OTA should inform the individual that

state and federal housing laws require that the owner make reasonable modifications

An individual who can independently transfer to the toilet in the OT clinic can also independently transfer to a toilet in a restaurant. This individual is demonstrating

generalization of learning

An OTA is working with an individual who is a housekeeper at a large hotel and is using a wheelchair for mobility after breaking a leg. The BEST therapeutic activity to help prepare for returning to work would be

clean the hospital room, simulating all the tasks involved in the individual’s job

An individual who fell while visiting from out of town will be returning home shortly after discharge. The OTA should

refer the individual to a home health agency near her home.

An individual is having difficulty managing fasteners on clothing. The OTA should

explore a variety of methods or assistive devices

The benefits of administering standardized tests include

they are normed, reliable, and valid

The approach to intervention during mealtime that focuses on remediation or returning a client to (or close to) a prior level of function is also known as

grading

An OTA who has 15 years of experience is working in a home health setting. After the occupational therapist completes the evaluation, the OTA documents treatment, collaborates with other professionals, and writes the discharge summary. The person legally responsible for the treatment plan and intervention is

the occupational therapist

During an interview, the OTA notices that the client grimaces, steadies his hand, and walks with a shuffling gait. This part of the assessment would be considered

informal observation

A client is being discharged after recovery from hip replacement surgery to live at home alone. Which is the most important equipment for the OTA to review with the client prior to discharge to enable safe occupational performance at home?

a long-handled reacher

An OTA is working with individuals with hand injuries and has recently established service competency to administer standardized and nonstandardized assessments. It is the responsibility of the OTA to

communicate the results orally and in writing and educate the client about the purpose.

During the initial interview, the patient is describing her home layout and gives a rather lengthy account of the changes in the neighborhood over the years, homes that have been remodeled, and memories of children growing up in a safe place. The OTA should

redirect the patient to keep the discussion focused

The occupational therapist can determine if a patient could benefit from OT services by

screening the patient for OT services.

When planning interventions for individuals, the OTA should consider

purposeful activities that are goal-directed.

An OTA is working with an individual who is the same age. The individual refuses to participate in toilet transfer training. The OTA should

ask another clinician whom the individual may be more comfortable with to provide treatment

An individual who has significant limitations will require several caregivers to assist with ADL and health management. The OTA should

educate the individual on how to direct care.

An individual with limited range of motion and limited fine motor control would like to learn to use a keyboard. The OTA should recommend

a keyboard with fewer options.

An OTA who works at a skilled nursing facility documented the results of a screening. In MOST cases, the OTA should

ask the occupational therapist to review the documentation and cosign.

An OTA conducts a fall prevention program at an assisted living facility for older adults. Which recommendations are best for the OTA to include in a presentation about strategies to prevent falls? Select the three BEST responses:

Store items on shelves that are located between the person's eye and hip level

Remove high pile or loose rugs and clutter left on floors or stairs
Install night-lights and light switches within easy reach to ensure adequate lighting

An individual with a back injury would like to be involved in goal-setting and stated that he would like to return to work on a loading dock. The OTA should

involve the individual in goal-setting because it increases motivation and rehabilitation potential.

An individual with a TBI is having difficulty remembering how to manage the family finances. The OTA should

provide the caregiver with resources for training and support in his or her new role

An OTA is working with an individual who has severe arthritis and would like to continue working part time as a cake decorator, although she experiences pain in her shoulders and hands. Treatment objectives for this individual should be determined by

the OT team and the client.

A newly-hired OTA is instructed by the director of rehabilitation to supervise two hospital volunteers as they learn how to assist patients in safely completing bed to wheelchair transfers. Which is the first action the OTA should take in response to this request?

Explain to the direct of rehabilitation why the request is inappropriate

A client with a limited or weak grasp would MOST benefit from which type of adaptive equipment?

Utensils with built up handles

An OTA is working with a client had a left CVA, resulting in hemiplegia on the client’s right side. Prior to the CVA, the client was right hand dominate. In order to master one-handed skills for eating, the client may need to learn ____________________.

dominance shift

An OTA is working with an individual who has CNS dysfunction and displays problems in pattern recognition. This individual would benefit from intervention that focuses on

visual cues in large print to complete ADL activities posted in several places.

An OTA is working with an individual who has a left-sided brain injury and is unable to pay attention to detail. An intervention that would benefit this individual would be

to sort playing cards by order

An OTA is working with an individual who has blurred vision. During a cooking activity, the OTA should

limit the number of items used

An OTA is working with an individual who has sensory loss in the hand and enjoys working with hand tools. The OTA should teach the individual to

apply light force, use built-up handles, and change tools frequently.

An individual has difficulty in visual scanning and walks into walls. The OTA should recommend scanning the room in a

circular clockwise pattern.

An individual who enjoys reading has a left visual field deficit. The OTA should

provide an anchor, such as a red line drawn on the margin.

An individual who has diplopia should

close one eye

During the oral preparatory and oral eating phases, which skills are often addressed as part of the intervention plan?

Motor

OTAs with advanced knowledge in mealtime occupations are able to perform which of the following tasks once service competency is established?

Provide services to medically fragile clients.

The optimal position for a client during mealtimes is

sitting symmetrically with normal alignment of head, neck, trunk, and pelvis.

The phase of eating that involves activities/occupations as precursors to the actual eating of foods and liquids is known as the __________________ phase

anticipatory

An OTA is working with a 67-year-old client who has recently had a CVA, resulting in self-feeding difficulties. The client was a high-powered executive who is rather embarrassed about being fed and is choosing not to eat. Which strategy will best benefit the client?

Use of assistive technology and adaptive strategies

An OTA is working with a young adult who sustained a TBI. The client would like to be able to eat at a restaurant with friends. Why is it best that the OTA incorporate self-feeding into the treatment plan?

Because mealtime is an integral part of daily life, occupations, roles, and routines

An OTA is working with an elderly client with self-feeding and fine motor issues. The client likes to host social events and expressed that she would like to drink from her stemmed glasses when she returns home from inpatient rehabilitation. Which action would best benefit this client?

Work on a tripod grasp, and give the client time to practice drinking from her preferred glass.

An OTA is treating a client who is of a different nationality than the OTA. The client is expressing refusal and displeasure during feeding interventions. Which of the following would BEST benefit the client during intervention?

Research the client’s culture and self-feeding traditions.

An OTA is working with a client who is experiencing difficulty during the oral preparatory phase of eating. The client is spending increased amounts of time chewing food and cannot seem to move the bolus to the throat for a swallow. What should the OTA initially do to assist this client?

Provide smaller bites with softer textures.

An OTA is feeding a client who is coughing after each bite and presents with a gurgling sound to his voice but no coughing after eating. What should the OTA be concerned about when feeding this client?

Aspiration

Which of the following foods would be contraindicated for a client who is on a restricted diet of honey-consistency liquids?

Ice cream

When providing a client with a pureed diet, what should the OTA take into consideration?

That the client demonstrates inadequate chewing of foods

A client is having difficulty scooping food onto a spoon due to ataxic movements. Which of the following would the OTA most likely have the client try during meals?

Plate guard, curved spoon, suction plate

Which of the following alternative and augmentative communication devices would serve the most benefit for a client who is easily confused during mealtimes?

A placemat with several communication pictures placed on it

A speech–language pathologist (SLP) has decided to change a client’s diet to mechanical soft. The client has a goal for feeding in the OT plan of care. What should be the OTA’s initial step when he hears this news?

Collaborate with the occupational therapist on changing the client’s plan of care to match the new need.

When working as a part of an interdisciplinary team, how would an OTA best collaborate with a speech–language pathologist (SLP) regarding a communication device for a client with dysarthria from muscle weakness due to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

Positioning of the communication device for a client in his wheelchair

An OTA is teaching a client to use a dressing stick. How can the OTA ensure that the client’s learning will be carried over into daily activities?

Instruct the client using a multisensory method, and use the teach-back method.

A client presents with limited health literacy. Which of the following tasks would most likely be difficult for the client?

Understanding precautions after a total hip replacement