Tissues in Animals and Plants

Flashcards covering key vocabulary related to animal and plant tissues, including their structures and functions.

Axons

Long, slender projections of neurons that transmit electrical impulses.

Schwann cells

Cells that wrap around axons in the peripheral nervous system, forming the myelin sheath.

Nodes of Ranvier

Gaps in the myelin sheath between Schwann cells that facilitate rapid conduction of impulses.

Unipolar neuron

A type of neuron with one cytoplasmic extension, typically found in sensory pathways.

Bipolar neuron

A neuron with two extensions, one axon and one dendrite, often found in sensory organs.

Multipolar neuron

A neuron with multiple dendrites and a single axon, commonly found in motor pathways.

Central nervous system (CNS)

Consists of the brain and spinal cord.

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

Comprises cranial and spinal nerves, connecting the CNS to the rest of the body.

Dendrites

Cytoplasmic extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons.

Muscle tissue

Tissue responsible for movement, categorized into skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles.

Epithelial tissue

Tissue that covers and lines various surfaces and cavities in the body.

Connective tissue

Tissue that supports, binds, and protects other tissues and organs; includes bone, blood, and adipose tissue.

Nerve tissue

Tissue composed of neurons that transmit signals throughout the body.

Embryonic stem cells

Cells found in embryos that have the potential to differentiate into any cell type.

Adipose tissue

A type of connective tissue that stores fat and provides insulation.

Collenchyma

Plant tissue with thickened cell walls that provide flexible support.

Meristematic tissue

Undifferentiated tissue in plants that is capable of cell division and growth.

Phloem

Vascular tissue in plants responsible for the transport of nutrients and sugars.

Xylem

Vascular tissue in plants that transports water and minerals from roots to leaves.

Sclerenchyma

Plant tissue composed of thick-walled cells that provide structural support.

Goblet cells

Specialized epithelial cells that secrete mucus.

Cilia

Hair-like structures on the surface of epithelial cells that aid in movement and cleaning.