Year 9 Cells - Biology

Give an example of a prokaryote

Bacteria, a single cell organism with no nucleus

Describe the features of a prokaryotic cell

No nucleus, loop of DNA in the cytoplasm, has plasmids, no mitochondria, no chloroplast, has a cell wall

Give an example of a eukaryotic cell

Animal cell, plant cell, fungal cell

Describe the features of a eukaryotic cell

Has a nucleus which contains strands of DNA, contains membrane bound organelles such as mitochondria

Define plasmid

A small circle of DNA found in a prokaryotic cell

What is the function of the nucleus

Contain DNA (controls activities of the cell)

What is the function of the cytoplasm

Site of chemical reactions

What is the function of the cell membrane

Controls what substances enter and leave the cell

What is the function of the mitochondria

Site of aerobic respiration, which releases energy

What is the function of ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis

What is the function of chloroplasts

Site of photosynthesis (contain chlorophyll and absorb light for photosynthesis)

What is the function of the permanent vacuole

Supports the cell and contains cell sap

Where is cellulose found and what is its role

Strengthens the cell walls, found in plants and algae

What are the common parts of an animal cell

Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes

What are the common parts of a plant cell

Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts, cell wall, vacuole