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what does the central nervous system consist of?
the spinal cord and brain
what does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
the nerves that branch off of the brain and spinal cord
Protection of the CNS includes…..
brain is protected by skull bones and spinal cord is protected by vertebrae
what are the 4 main regions of the brain?
cerebrum, diencephalon, cerebellum, brain stem
what is the function of the cerebrum?
controls muscle functions and speech, thought, emotions, reading, writing and learning
what is the function of the diencephalon?
primary processing center for sensory information and automatic control
what is the function of the cerebellum?
controls balance for walking, standing and other complex motor functions
what is the functions of the brain stem?
regulate the body’s automatic functions
what are the divisions of the cerebrum?
frontal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe
what is the functions of the frontal lobe?
problem solving, judgement, motor functions
what is the functions of the parietal lobe?
handwriting, body position, manage sensation
what is the functions of occipital lobe?
brains visuals processing system
what is the functions of the temporal lobe?
memory
describe the structure of the spinal cord.
The spinal cord is a line of nervous tissue along the spine that lies from the base of the skull to the center of the back
what is the functions of the spinal cord?
The spinal cord send motor commands from the brain to the body and coordinates reflexes
what are the divisions of PNS?
sensory, motor, autonomic, sympathetic, parasympathetic
what is the sensory division of PNS?
The sensory division of PNS transmits impulses from the peripheral organs to the CNS.
what is the motor division of the PNS?
The motor division transmits impulses from the CNS out to the peripheral organs to cause an effect or action.
what is the autonomic division of PNS?
The autonomic division is responsible for regulating involuntary processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration and digestion.
what is the sympathetic division of PNS?
This division is the network of nerves that helps your body activate into its “fight or flight” response.
what is the parasympathetic division of PNS?
This division is used in quiet “rest and digest” condition. It’s used to conserve energy and to regulate bodily functions like digestion and urination.
what is a reflex and how does it work?
A reflex is an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to stimulation. It may not need a conscious thought as it occurs.
what happens to the brain when a person has a concussion?
When a person gets a concussion the sudden movement can stretch or damage brain tissue and can trigger a chain of harmful changes to the brain that affects the brain normal activities.
What happens to the brain when a person has a contusion?
A brain contusion bruises the brain’s surface which damages the tissue.
What happens to the brain when a person has cerebral edema?
When a person has cerebral edema this can cause diffuse brain injury, precipitate seizures in some case or create large areas
what happens to the brain when a person has a stroke?
when a person has a stroke parts of the brain become damaged and even can die
what happens to the brain when a person has dementia?
When a person has dementia the cortex, or part of brain that helps with memory, becomes thinner and the brain gradually shrinks. The person then may start to forget memories from long ago.
what happens to the brain when a person has a alzheimers?
When a person has alzheimers the connections between the networks of neurons may break down and the brain regions start to shrink
what is the responsibility of the PONS?
relay center from body to thalamus and cerebrum.
what is the responsibility of the medulla oblongata?
responsible for maintaining unconscious functions
how many neurons does your brain have?
around 100 billion.
what is the mass of the brain
1.4 kg or 3lbs
what does the right hemisphere of your brain control?
Controls left side of the body, right-brained people tend to be more creative
what does the left hemisphere of your brain control?
Controls of the right side of your body, these people tend to be more analytical and mathematical
what is cerebrospinal fluid or CSF?
a shock absorber for the brain
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