305 lu tang spring test 2

system of shared meaning/symbol/experience/behaviors of a group of people

culture

study of the differences among cultures of different places

cross cultural communication

is the following an example of cross cultural communication or intercultural communication: american vs japanese

cross cultural

how do people from different cultures talk to eachother

intercultural communication

explain how we adapt our communication when we interact with others

communication accommodation theory

is CAT (communication accommodation theory) cross cultural or intercultural communication

intercultural

used when you are communicating with someone different than you

communication accommodation theory

would the following be considered in group or out group: tamu students, texas residents, 18-24 ages

in group

would the following be considered in group or out group: california residents, german students, 34-40 year olds

out group

language, speech (slang), non verbal messages (clothes) all communicate what

in/out group status

change speech behavior to match out group member (using smaller words or slowing down) is this convergence, divergence, maintenance or non accommodation

convergence

emphasize/increase difference to prove intentionality (using bigger words/ prove to outgroup that you are better) is this convergence, divergence, maintenance or non accommodation

divergence

dont change how you talk at all is this convergence, divergence, maintenance or non accommodation

maintenance

try to accommodate but it comes out wrong (talking too slowly to a point where it is unnecessary) is this convergence, divergence, maintenance or non accommodation

non accommodation

are people with less or more power supposed to accommodate

less power

do we as the US have a higher or lower power distance than before

higher

does the south or west have a higher power distance

south

are the following pros / cons of convergence, maintenance or divergence: increased attraction, social approval, increased persuasion, people will think you are nice

pros, convergence

are the following pros / cons of convergence, maintenance or divergence: incorrect stereotype of outgroup, perceived as being condescending, loss of personal identity, could be taken the wrong way

cons, convergence

are the following pros / cons of convergence, maintenance or divergence: upholding personal identity

pros, maintenance

are the following pros / cons of convergence, maintenance or divergence: apparent lack of interest or effort perceived as overly rigid

cons, maintenance

are the following pros / cons of convergence, maintenance or divergence: asserts power differences, increased sympathy

pros, divergence

are the following pros / cons of convergence, maintenance or divergence: perceived distant for out group, increased psychological distance, not slowing down to talk to a foreigner on purpose

cons, divergence

dr smith conducted research on how US businesses and Mexican businesses treated their employees differently as a result of these two countries' cultures. true or false is this cross communication research

true

when you are talking to a five year old and you are intentionally using shorter sentences, and words that are easier to understand is this called maintenance, divergence or convergence

convergence

at TAMU we use terms like howdy and gigem do we do this to indicate in or out group relationships

in group

convergence is always the preferred communication method in intercultural communication true or false

false

when someone intentionally emphasizes their difference in communication style this is called

divergence

North American was working in Indonesia as a consultant to

banks on disaster recovery. At one of his presentations to a

client, an Indonesian bank, he suggested that individual

employees who did a good job ought to be given greater

recognition, by which he meant singling them out for praise in

front of their colleagues. His audience was horrified. Which of hofstedes dimensions does this represent

individualism/collectivism

how people define themselves and their relationship with others

individuals vs collectivism

consider the individual the most important entity in any social setting, stress independence rather than dependence are both characteristics of individualism or collectivism

individualism

reward individual achievement and value each individuals uniqueness are both characteristics of individualism or collectivism

individualism

the views, needs and goals of the group are more important than those of individuals and obligation to the group is the norm, behavior is guided by duty not by individual pleasure or rewards are both characteristics of individualism or collectivism

collectivism

self is defined in relation to others not as distinct from others, focus on collaboration rather than competition are both characteristics of individualism or collectivism

collectivism

Lukas, who is from Germany, is traveling with his Vietnamese girlfriend, Linh. Before the trip, Lukas makes a detailed plan that lists exactly what time they should leave the hotel, which train to take, how long to spend at each attraction, and where to have lunch. Linh, however, prefers a more relaxed approach. She wants to stroll through the city, see what looks interesting, and choose a restaurant when they feel hungry. As the day goes on, Lukas becomes frustrated when Linh suggests changing the plan, while Linh feels restricted by Lukas's strict schedule Which of hofstedes dimensions does this represent

uncertainty avoidance

refers to the extent to which people within a culture are made nervous by situations which they perceive as unstructured, unclear or unpredictable

uncertainty avoidance

is the following high or low uncertainty avoidance culture: strict codes of behavior and a belief in absolute truth

high

is the following high or low uncertainty avoidance culture: accept ambiguity and lack of structure more easily and more likely to take risks, innovate and value thinking outside of the box

low

An American university and a Vietnamese university have started

a joint master's program in business administration. As part of

this program, Vietnamese students study for one year in the

States with their American counterparts. After the first semester

had started for two months, the Vietnamese students thought,

"Students' proper respect for teachers was discouraged by a

loose order, and students were conditioned to chat all the time

and to behave in other disorderly ways. This background makes

proper and respectful behavior in class hard for an American

student." Which of hofstedes dimensions does this represent

power distance

the extent to which people with little power in society consider inequality normal and acceptable

power distance

are the following high or low power distance: greater centralization of power and importance placed on status and rank, wide salary gap, accept power as a scarce resource: power differences are natural and inevitable

high

are the following high or low power distance: value the minimization of power differences, people in the hierarchy are not assumed to be superior, people lower in power believe that through motivation, hard work they can achieve power

low power distance

would someone with high or low uncertainty avoidance culture take more risks

low

the relationship between biological sex and what is considered sex appropriate behavior

masculinity vs femineity

traditional gender roles is this masculine or feminine

masculine

assertive, ambitious, competitive is this masculine or feminine

masculine

supportive, nurturing, deference is this masculine or feminine

feminine

few rigid roles for behavior based on biological sex is this masculine or feminine

feminine

Swedish policy allows parents to take paternity or maternity leave

at their discretion. When Sweden first initiated the policy, the

managing director of the Swedish Post Service created an uproar

by announcing his intention to take paternity lave for a number of

months to stay home with his new born child. At a press

conference, he explained that executives do not differ from other

employees: everyone wants to needs to balance work with family life Which of hofstedes dimensions does this represent

masculinity/femineity

clear division of labor, don't do the other sex work is this masculine or feminine culture

masculine

is the following high or low masculine culture: men work, make money and be productive while women take care of the children

high

is the US/UK/ Japan considered masculine or feminine

masculine

are scandanavian countries masculine or feminine

feminine

is this masculine or feminine: good work/life balance since both the man and women will work

feminine

Hiroshi, a university student from Japan, is planning his future

carefully. He has already mapped out a 10-year plan: pursue graduate

school, gain experience in a stable company, save money steadily,

and eventually buy a home near his parents. His friend, Emily, an

American student, has a very different outlook. She wants to find a fun

job right after graduation, use her earnings to travel, and isn't worried

about long-term savings yet. When Hiroshi talks about retirement

planning, Emily laughs and says, "We're only 22! Let's enjoy life while

we're young." Hiroshi feels frustrated that Emily doesn't take the future

seriously, while Emily thinks Hiroshi is too focused on distant goals. Which of hofstedes dimensions does this represent

long term/short term orientation

future orientation, focus on thrift and perseverance, achieving distant goals (having long term plans and friends)

long term orientation

present/past orientation, desire for immediate gratification, "I live for now"

short term orientation

are china, japan and korea long or short term orientation countries

long term

does america have long or short term orientation

in the middle

Carlos, from Mexico, and Ji-woo, from South Korea, are exchange

students who just finished their final exams. Carlos suggests

celebrating by going to the beach for the weekend, spending money

on good food, and relaxing with friends. Ji-woo hesitates. She feels it's

more important to save money, get ahead on coursework, and show

discipline. Carlos thinks Ji-woo is too serious and doesn't know how to

have fun, while Ji-woo thinks Carlos is careless and lacks self-control. Which of hofstedes dimensions does this represent

indulgence/restraint

are the following components of indulgence or restraint: cultures that allow relatively free gratification of human desire related to enjoying life and having fun, people value freedom of expression, spending on enjoyment

indulgence

are the following components of indulgence or restraint: it is normal/natural to have fun, optimism, desires/enjoyment

indulgence

cultures that supress gratification of needs and regulate it by strict social norms, people emphasize duty, motivation and self control

restraint

are the following components of indulgence or restraint: regulation on how you enjoy life

restraint

if you wait 20 years for them to build the perfect house is this long or short term orientation or indulgence/restraint

long/short term orientation

skipping class to go to ACL is this long or short term orientation or indulgence/restraint

indulgence/restraint

purposeful communication used by organizations to achieve organizational goals

strategic communication

Goal (long term outcome) and strategy both fall under what

strategic communication

mission statement/vision both are apart of what in terms of strategic communication

goals

determine what should be done to achieve a goal

strategy

the following jobs: advertising, Public relations, marketing, health campaign, political campaIgn you can get from

strategic communications

all behavior is intentional, attitude and normative beliefs all fall into assumptions of

theory of planned behavior

the sum of beliefs about something

attitude, theory of planned behavior assumption

your perception about what others in your social network expect you to do

normative beliefs, theory of planned behavior assumption

simply being in favor of a behavior doesn't mean you will do it true or false

true

what theory is the precursor to the theory of planned behavior

theory of reasoned action

in the theory of reasoned action what two things do we need before behavioral intention

attitude toward behavior and subjective norm

attitude toward act or behavior

what you think

subjective norm

how others feel about it "all of my friends have it"

behavioral intention

should i buy it

buying the item

behavior

attitude toward the act or behavior and subjective norm both give you

behavioral intention

"everyone is talking about this trend" what are they trying to change (is it attitude toward a behavior or subjective norm)

subjective norm

the water will stay cold in your stanley if you get one what are they trying to change (is it attitude toward a behavior or subjective norm)

attitude

what is the main difference in the theory of planned behavior vs the theory of reasoned action

perceived behavioral control

in the TBP are the attitude, normative beliefs and perceived behavioral control independent or dependent variables

independent

in the TBP is the behavioral intention the independent or dependent variable

dependent

in the TPB is the behavior an independent or dependent variable

dependent

how strong the feeling is

belief strength

what others think you should do

valued others beliefs

buy if you care about what people think about you

motivation to comply

belief that you can do it physically

self efficacy

out of your control ex: I have to work

controllability

belief strength and evaluation go with: attitude, normative beliefs or perceived behavioral control

attitude

valued others beliefs and motivation to comply go with attitude, normative beliefs or perceived behavioral control

normative beliefs

self efficacy and controllability go with attitude, normative beliefs or perceived behavioral control

perceived behavioral control

attitude, normative beliefs, perceived behavioral control all give you

behavioral intention

explains why and when people follow health campaigns

extended parallel processing model

what is good and gets your attention but too much is disturbing

fear

go to every class or fail, big motivator to encourage others, no sunscreen = cancer are all things that play into the

fear appeal