Mrs Phillips Religion IV Midterm/Final

Holiness

Set apart, our primary vocation

Love (spiritual)

Willing the good of the other, Jesus equated love to mercy (mercy means pity, can't get to heaven alone)

Vocation

Calling and the will of God

Prayer

Show love of God through prayer

Prayer 1st then charity

Talking and listening to God; a conversation

Charity

Give what we have received

Charity means love in action (actions louder than words)

What gives us the ability?

- 1 John 4:19- "We love because he first loved us"

Corporal works of mercy

Corporal

Bodily (do to someone else), Corporal works of mercy

i. What is the great command found in Luke 10?

"You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, being, strength, and mind, and your neighbor as yourself."

ii. What is the primary vocation of every human person?

To be holy

iii. What is necessary to live out this primary vocation (2 things)?

Through secondary vocation

- Marriage, priesthood, etc (how you answer primary vocation)

And to have love for God

- Through prayer

iv. How did St. Teresa of Calcutta model the great command?

She did the ordinary well, helped the poor, focused on the individuals in front of her and loved God with all her heart, saw Jesus in the poor

v. What sacrament did St. Teresa of Calcutta use to train herself to see Jesus in the poor?

The eucharist

(if you can see Jesus in a piece of bread you definitely can see him in the poor)

vi. What are the Corporal Works of Mercy?

Be able to identify examples of each.

· Feed hungry

· Drink Thirsty

· Clothe Naked

· Shelter Homeless

· Visit Sick

· Visit Imprisoned

· (New.. ish (1200s) Bury Dead

Dignity

Worth, all humans have worth

Not usefulness, it's the fact everyone is a person

People are created Imago Dei

Catholic

Universal

These principles are for everyone even if you don't believe in God

Incarnation

God becoming man

Grace

Based on repentance

- Mass

- Regular confession

- Practice chastity

- Healthy relationships

Sacred

All human life is created this way,

Means holy

Imago Dei

Image of God

Free will - ability to choose

- God is free will, choosing us

Intellect - ability to think

- God has intellect, genius of the world's design

Culture of Death

Society that does not hold human life sacred in all its stages- coined by John Paul II

Stem Cell

Cells used for research because they have the potential to develop into many different types of cells in the body.

Can be harvested lethally or non-lethally

Common Good

All people should participate in society, promoting the common good (not just one)

Option

The responsibility to them better than even yourself

- 4th principle is option to the poor

i. What diminishes grace in our lives? How do we obtain grace?

Sinning, obtain by repenting (confession)

ii. Why do human beings have the right to life?

We are born Imago Dei with intrinsic dignity

iii. What is the most fundamental right of a human?

The right to life

iv. What religious order did Mother Teresa found?

The Missionaries Of Charity

v. What are the 2 main differences between Physicians Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia

Assisted suicide is when the person does it to themselves

Euthanasia is when another person does it (aka murder)

vi. Why are adult stem cells ethical to use? Why are embryonic stem cells unethical to use?

Adult stem cells can be harvested morally (aka non-lethally and with consent) while embryos can't consent nor is it non-lethal

vii. What is the most common reason for a woman to have an abortion?

Convenience-

"too poor", "too young", "too busy" "too inconvenient"

viii. How do the 10 commandments help us live the great command?

Give us a moral guideline to life, how to love both God and neighbor

ix. What is the first social commandment?

The 4th - Honor your Father and Mother

x. What is the foundation of every society?

Be able to complete the quote: "As the family goes, so goes the society in which we live."

The family is the backbone of society

Societies thrive with good families

xi. What are the basic rights of every human being?

Natural rights

- Food, water, shelter from the elements, work, education, basic medical care

Also, a responsibility to act to preserve these basic rights

Love (marital)

Willing the good of the other

Has to be Free, Total, Fruitful, and Faithful or else it is not true love

Discern

Decision making

- Word means to sift

- Vocation to a good - sift through our options to find the best

- Has to be with the help of God

Grace

God's gift of friendship and life

Being in communion with God

Prayer

Helps us discern our vocation, a conversation not a wishlist

Family of Origin

Anybody who grew up in the same household (sharing a roof)

Observation leads to absorption and patterns develop

We are a product of what we heard and experienced (can't change it unless we know it exists)

We should repeat positive behavior and break negative behavior by acknowledging strengths and weaknesses

i. Who is included in the family of origin?

Anyone growing up in the same household

ii. What are the three phases of a relationship? Briefly describe each.

Beginning

- Surface level, all about the other person, doing what you can to make them happy, putting best self forward

- Doesn't have to be romantic eg: Mom w/ a new baby & friendships

Middle

- Mask comes off, find out qualities of the other, only when you feel you're accepted

- Eg: Moment where a child realizes their parent isn't perfect

- Trust happens but w/ disillusionment, me centered (how it affects ME) and where relationships die

- Why marriages end after 20-25 years (empty nest) and they didn't know each other bc too preoccupied with kids

End

- True Joy, includes suffering, return to other centered, don't walk away when times get hard, hold on tighter

- Phases are cyclical, have new moments

- Eg: grandchildren

iii. What is the difference between the feeling of love and the decision to love?

Feeling is not love but an emotion

The decision to love is an action and true love (willing the good of the other)

iv. How does St. Frances of Rome cope with the tragedies in her life?

By finding God through ordinary tasks in life (eg: mopping the floor)

Followed God's will instead of her wants

Marriage

"The matrimonial covenant, by which a man and a woman establish between themselves a partnership of the whole of life, is by its nature ordered toward the good of the spouses and the procreation and education of offspring; this covenant between baptized persons has been raised by Christ the Lord to the dignity of a sacrament."

- Modern day definition is more of a business agreement at home

Contract

In marriage for taxes and kids

- Binding - has conditions

- Between two people

Covenant

Sacrament

- Between 2 people with God as witness

- Sacred and binding (till death)

Divorce

That marriage no longer exists from this day forward - legally

Annulment

The marriage never existed

- Wrong with consent

- is NOT a Catholic divorce

Exclusivity

No polygamy

Indissolubility

No divorce (spiritually)

i. What is the first command given by God in the book of Genesis?

"Be fruitful and multiply"

ii. What makes marriage?

Consent of both the wife and husband

iii. Marriage is a Sacrament of _______________________.

Service

iv. When does marriage become a sacrament?

When both wife and husband are baptized

v. What are the 2 purposes of marriage?

Good of the spouses

Responsible procreation/education of children

vi. What four characteristics are essential for the Sacrament of Marriage to be valid (think about the three questions asked of the spouses)? Briefly describe each.

Free

- Come freely

- Money, baby, immigration, arranged etc fall under not free

Total

- Come without reservation

- Did I disclose all information?

- Criminal, previous relationships, infertility, financial status, addiction

Fruitful

- Will you accept children lovingly?

- Lying about wanting children breaks that

- Not forced to HAVE children- no way to know infertility sometimes

Faithful

- Love and honor each other and til death do you part

- No cheating

vii. Who is the minister of the Sacrament of Marriage?

The spouses themselves

viii. What are the 4 parts of "responsible procreation"?

The household must be secure financially, psychologically, physically, and socially.

i. What is the primary means of communication (the messages we receive)?

Nonverbal (more than half), then tone of voice 33% and actual words spoken 7%

ii. Know the levels in the Hierarchy of Communication. What is the least and the most intimate form of communication? What is the least and the most common form of communication?

Small talk- most relationships (least intimate)

Sharing of Facts - comfortable (no fear of rejection)

Sharing of Opinions - (afraid of rejection)

Sharing of Feelings - )takes the facts and makes them subjective)

Sharing of Needs- relationships thrive (most intimate, deepest trust)

iii. Explain how I/You messages work in conflict resolution.

Avoid You Messages (You did such)

- Use I Messages such as how you feel (I feel hurt when)...

- You messages make others responsible for your emotions

iv. What are the four root causes of conflict? Describe each.

Fear

- Worst case scenario - like to be in control

Frustration

- Unmet expectations

Hurt

- Wounds by someone we love

Shame

- My past mistakes

v. What causes obstacles to communication?

Subject Matter

- What you are talking about

Personality Differences

- Who is doing the talking

Differences in Men and Women

- Biological differences and hormones

Differences in Style of Expressing Self

- How you talk (cursing, loud, etc)

Lack of Time/Distractions

- #1 distraction is the cellphone

vi. What are the five languages of love according to Dr. Gary Chapman? Briefly describe.

Physical touch - hugs, kisses, etc

Quality time - spending time w/ someone

Words of affirmation - complements

Gifts - something with time and thought put into it

Acts of service - helping them in little ways

vii. What is the goal of conflict resolution?

Understanding

- Show the other person that you know how they fell, and express your emotions too in a calm and concise way

Forgiveness

- Ask a question "Will you forgive me?" needs a response

Don't hold hatred and if they are remorseful, forgive them and vice versa

Consecrated

Set apart- to serve God avidly

Covenant

Blood of the covenant

- It's Jesus' blood, the symbol of the covenant

Dogma

Official church teaching unchangeable straight from the source

Cathedral

The major church of a diocese, where the bishop has his seat

The "chair" of the church

Clerics

Diocesan priests wear these, all black outfit with white stiff collar

Celibate

Priests / religious who are unmarried

Bishop

The shepherd of a diocese and everything that bears the name of the Catholic Church in the area. Can celebrate all sacraments.

Priest

Either Diocesan or Religious Order. Can celebrate all sacraments except for Holy Orders.

Deacon

Helps the Bishop

Permanent and transitional

Monastic institute

Founded by St. Benedict

- Poverty, chastity, obedience - cloistered (dwell alone)

- Self sustainable

- Only form of community religious life until 1100s

Mendicant order

- Founded in 1100s

- Also take poverty, chastity, and obedience

- Begging orders (not cloistered but can only live off others)

Consecrated virgin

Oldest form of religious life

- Only for women

i. When was the Sacrament of Holy Order instituted? What other sacrament is instituted?

Instituted at Last Supper along with Eucharist

ii. What does the word "Eucharist" literally mean?

Translates to in his thanksgiving

iii. The Sacrament of Holy Orders is a Sacrament of ____________________.

Service

iv. Why is the Sacrament of Holy Orders reserved for men?

Dogma because all 12 apostles were men & so was Jesus

v. What are the four similarities and differences between a diocesan and religious order priest?

Both have full power like a normal priest

Vows vs Promises

- Diocesan: Promises: Simplicity (live within means), Celibacy, Obedience

- Religious order: Vows: Poverty (own nothing), chastity, and obedience

Superior vs Bishop

- Diocesan swears allegiance to Bishop

- Religious order swears allegiance to community

Global vs Local

- Diocesan is local

- Religious order can be sent anywhere

Habit vs Clerics

- Diocesan wears clerics

- Religious order wears habits

vi. What is the difference between a permanent and transitional deacon?

- Permanent (at least 35, can be married if they were married before but no remarriage after)

- Transitional evolves to priest

vii. What are the 3 vows taken by all religious?

Poverty, chastity, and obedience

viii. What four elements mark the Rule of St. Benedict?

Prayer, work, study, and community

St. Teresa of Calcutta

Formed the Missionaries of Charity to minister to abandoned people on streets to communicate God's love- saw Jesus through the Eucharist and the poor

St. Peter Claver

Appalled by the slave trade, he ministered to African slaves in Columbia and baptized over 300,000, gave slaves a chance at life spiritually

St. Frances of Rome

Wanted to enter a monastery, but obeyed her parents and married at 13, proves that anyone can be holy through their vocation even if it seems small at the time

St. Thomas More

Chancellor of England under Henry VIII; refused to recognize Henry as the head of the Church in England; martyred because he stood by his moral truth

Bl. Pier Giorgio Frassati

This early twentieth century Italian young man lived to the age of 24. He was an avid sportsman who spent all of his spare time serving the poor. Made faith the center of his life

St. Benedict of Nursia

Father of Western Monasticism, wanted to be a hermit but called to lead and created monastic groups. Created the rule (the guideline for all monastics) which influenced all of western religious life