Big Bang, Stars and Earth's History

List the Phanerozoic Eras in order from oldest to youngest.

paleozoic, mesozoic, cenozoic

In what Era were the dinosaurs alive?

Mesozoic

What happened 65 million years ago to kill the dinosaurs?

asteroid impact

What are the lines of evidence to support the Big Bang Theory?

red shift, cosmic microwave background radiation

What term means how bright a star appears in the sky?

apparent magnitute

Which term means how bright a star actually is?

absolute magnitute

Which star would have a higher absolute magnitude? -2 or +35

-2

What are the two variables found on the HR Diagram?

Temperature and Luminosity

Which stars on the HR Diagram and hot and dim?

white dwarfs

Which stars on the HR Diagram and cool and bright?

red supergiant

Most stars fall into which group on the HR Diagram?

main sequence

List the life cycle of a low mass star.

Nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, planetary nebula, white dwarf

List the life cycle of a high mass star

Nebula, protostar, main sequence, red supergiant, supernova, neutron star OR black hole

Which group of stars would be immediately above the main sequence on the HR diagram?

giants

What did our sun form from?

solar nebula

Which period of time is the longest in geologic history?

Precambrian

When do scientists create new eras on the geologic timeline?

when a mass extinction occurrs

When do scientists create new periods on the geologic timeline?

When a new species is found in the rock record

When did life first appear in the rock record?

Precambrian

When did birds first appear in the rock record?

Mesozoic era

Which era means ancient life?

Paleozoic

Which era was the age of the mammals?

Cenozoic

Which era was the age of reptiles?

Mesozoic

During which era did the woolly mammoths become extinct?

Cenozoic

What will form in the center of the most massive stars?

black hole

List the colors of the stars in order from hottest to coolest.

Blue, White, Red

How do you use spectral lines to determine the composition of a star?

When all of the lines of an element match a line in the unknown star, then that element is in the star.

When all objects are moving away from an observer, what concept is this?

red shift

When did the Big Bang occur?

14 billion years ago

How old is the Earth?

4.5 billion years

True or False, the Earth and Sun are about the same age?

True