Mental Health Quiz #1

SOLER

acronym of the non-verbal communication skills to facilitate active listening

sit facing client, open position, lean toward client, eye contact, relax

SOLER

acceptance

encouraging and receiving information in a nonjudgmental and interested manner

confrontation

presenting the patient with a different reality of the situation; must be used cautiously to redefine the patient’s reality

doubt

expressing or voicing doubt when a patient relates a situation; must be used carefully when the nurse feels confident about alternate details

interpretation

putting into words what the patient is feeling or implying

observation

stating what the nurse is observing

open ended statements

introducing an idea and letting the patient respond

reflection

redirecting the main idea expressed by the patient

restatement

repeating the main idea expressed by the patient

silence

remaining intentionally silent

validation

clarifying the nurse’s understanding of the situation

advice

inhibits communication; telling a patient what to do; patient should come the conclusion themselves

agreement

inhibits communication; agreeing with a particular viewpoint

challenges

inhibits communication; disputing the patient’s beliefs with arguments, logical thinking, or direct order

false reassurance

inhibits communication; telling a patient that everything will be OK

disapproval

inhibits communication; judging the patient’s situation and behavior

empathy

understanding someone’s feelings as if they were yours; offering comfort

sympathy

feeling sorry for someone from your own point of view; offering advice and passing judgement

defense mechanisms

psychological methods that help an individual respond to and cope with difficult situations, emotional conflicts, and external stressors

mental health

state of well being where an individual can recognize their own ability, work productively and fruitfully, cope with stress, and make contributions to society

wellness

purpose in life, joyful relationships, and evvironment

stigma

biggest obstacle in mental health care; shame, disgrace, or disapproval causing individual being rejected

public sitgma

reactions individuals receive from the public after diagnosis

self stigma

self-imposed negative stereotypes, low self esteem and respect; prevents people from getting help

label avoidance

fear of stigma prevents patients from seeking help; treatment avoided until reaching crisis level

trauma informed care

recognizing all individuals experience trauma; prevent trigger exposure; understand impact of trauma, recognize S/S

recovery

process of change through which individuals improve their health and wellness, live a self-directed life, and strive to reach their full potential

mental status examination

an organized, systematic approach to assessment of an individual’s current psychiatric condition; establishes a baseline and creates a written record

mood

the way a person feels, the subjective experience of emotions

affect

the way a person is outwardly expressing their emotions, the objective reflection of feelings the nurse can evaluate and describe

cognition and intellectual performance

problem solving abilities, developmentally/age appropriate abilities, memory, concentration, insight, judgement

self concept

how an individual sees themselves

body image

beliefs and attitudes about their body, such as size or attractiveness

self-esteem

attitude about the self-overall, not just physical attributes

personal identity

understanding who they are inside

faith, importance, community, address

FICA - used in spiritual assessment

recovery-oriented nursing interventions

nursing actions or treatments selected based on clinical judgement and mutual decision-making with the patient

cognitive behavioral therapy

highly structured psychotherapeutic method used to alter distorted beliefs and problem behaviors by identifying and replacing negative, inaccurate thoughts and changing the rewards for behaviors

group therapy

a group experience can help an individual enhance self-understanding conquer unwanted thoughts and feelings, and learn new behaviors

conflict resolution

helping an individual or group identify a problem causing disagreement and finding alternative possibilities for solving conflict

milieu therapy

providing a stable and coherent social organization to facilitate an individuals treatment; maintain therapeutic environment

seclusion

involuntary confinement of person in room they are prevented from leaving; continuous monitoring required; help keep them safe with clear instructions

antidepressants

onset of action variable; cannot be stopped abruptly; must be tapered off; increased risk for suicidal behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults

SSRI

first line treatment choice for depression; lower adverse effect incidences

serotonin syndrome

occurs when there is too much serotonin in the body; mental status changes, autonomic instability, and neuromuscular problems; discontinue medication

fluoxetine

common SSRI

venlafaxine

common SNRI

SNRI

dual action effecting serotonin and norepinephrine levels; treats anxiety disorders and depression; side effects of hypertension, mild sedation, and anticholinergic symptoms

imipramine

common tricyclic antidepressant

tricyclic antidepressant

not first line treatment anymore; causes cardiotoxicity; acts on both serotonin and norepinephrine uptake systems

isocarboxazid and selegiline

common MAOIs

MAOI

inhibit MAO enzyme; tyramine restricted diet to not cause a hypertensive crisis

euthymia

normal, healthy fluctuations in mood

mood spectrum

range of all emotions

mood spectrum disorders

any disruption in the individual’s ability to regulate their emotions and function normally

depressive disorder

sad, irritable, or empty mood with somatic and cognitive changes that interfere with functioning

persistent mood disturbance

longer than 2 weeks or mania for more than 4 days; mood fluctuates rapidly or extremely

functional impairment

cannot preform ADLs

disturbed vegetative functioning

appetite, sleep, and energy level

infants and children

may present depression as anxiety, stomach ache, and HA

adolescents

may present depression as variability, irritable, and suicide risk

geriatric

may present depression as slower response to treatment, associated with chronic illnesses, somatic with N/V and HA

major depressive disorder

most common mental health condition worldwide; symptoms must have occurred for at least 2 weeks for diagnosis

MDD

severe depressive mood symptoms that interfere with functional status, employment, or relationships; loss of appetite, weight changes, HA, body pain, sleep disturbances, loss of energy, and decreased sexual drive

electroconvulsive therapy

invasive; intolerant to other therapies; contraindicated with increased ICP

cognitive psychotherapy

change dysfunctional thinking patterns

behavioral psychotherapy

re-think emotions surrounding an event

suicide

voluntary act of killing oneself; fatal, self-inflicted destructive act with explicit or inferred intent to die

suicidal ideations

thoughts about and planning one’s own death

suicidality

refers to all suicide-related behaviors and thoughts of competing or attempting suicide and suicidal ideations

suicide attempt

nonfatal, self-inflicted destructive act with explicit or implicit intent to die

parasuicide

voluntary, apparent attempt at suicide in which the aim is not death

previous attempt

largest risk for suicide

ISPATHWARM

acronym for warning signs of suicide

ideation, substance abuse, purposelessness, anxiety, trapped, hopelessness, withdrawal, anger, recklessness, and mood changes

ISPATHWARM