Facts Book Chapter I: History and Fundamentals of Psychological Testing

Flashcards cover the historical development of psychological testing (early origins, Binet/Simon, Stanford-Binet, Wechsler), test usage and design principles, test characteristics and assumptions, and major categories of testing.

Around what time and where did psychological testing trace back according to the notes?

Approximately 2200 BCE in China’s Xia Dynasty.

Who adapted the Binet intelligence scale to create the Stanford-Binet, and what is notable about its revised edition?

Lewis Terman; the revised Stanford-Binet is the most widely used version today.

In what year were the first mental ability tests published and by whom?

1905 by Binet and Simon.

What index did the 1939 Wechsler Intelligence Scale provide?

An index of general mental ability.

According to the notes, how is test focus distributed across personality, cognitive, job fit, situational judgment, culture fit, and job stimulation?

Personality 42%, Cognitive 59%, Job fit 47%, Situational judgment ~39%, Culture fit 85%, Job stimulation 32%.

Name one of the three good characteristics of all psychological tests.

Tests have rules for scoring.

Name another good characteristic of psychological tests as listed in the notes.

They sample the behaviors thought to measure an attribute or predict an outcome.

Name the third characteristic of good psychological tests described in the notes.

They include behavior samples obtained under standardized conditions.

List the six important assumptions of psychological tests mentioned in the notes.

1) Tests measure what they are intended to measure. 2) Individual test scores remain stable over time. 3) Individuals understand test items the same way. 4) Individuals will report accurately about themselves. 5) Individuals will report honest feelings/thoughts. 6) There is measurement error.

How many major categories are there for subject tests, and give an example from the notes.

18 major categories; examples include Vocations and Sensorimotor.

What is the relationship between Binet's scale and the Stanford-Binet test as implied by the notes?

The Stanford-Binet is an adaptation of Binet's intelligence scale.

What does the 1939 Wechsler scale provide in terms of intelligence measurement?

An index of general mental ability.