Paul Baker (2013) – Polari

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Last updated 6:56 PM on 4/20/26
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5 Terms

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What does Baker argue Polari shows about language and identity?

Language is used to construct covert identity and maintain in-group solidarity under social oppression.

2
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How does Polari function as a sociolect?

It acts as an anti-language (Halliday), reinforcing group boundaries and excluding outsiders.

3
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Why did Polari decline?

Social change (e.g. decriminalisation of homosexuality) reduced the need for secrecy → language use shifted.

4
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Key evaluation point?

Shows language is context-dependent—identity practices change as society becomes more accepting.

5
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How can this be used in an essay?

Supports the idea that language reflects social power structures and marginalisation.