Equations

Gradient:

Change in y/Change in x

Uncertainty:

Range ÷ 2

Magnification:

Image size ÷ Real size

Circle area:

πr²

Rate of reaction:

(Product formed or Reactants lost) ÷ time taken

Rate of reaction for effect of pH on enzyme activty experiment:

1000 ÷ time

Word equation for photosynthesis:

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

Symbol equation for photosynthesis:

6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

Light intensity:

Inversely proportional to distance squared, 1 ÷ d²

Word equation for aerobic respiration:

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Symbol equation for aerobic equation:

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals:

Glucose → Lactic Acid

Word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast:

Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide

Efficiency of biomass transfer:

(biomass transferred to the next level ÷ biomass available at the previous level) x 100