Chapter 38 - A World without Borders (2)

K. Applegate - Imported from Quizlet

Popular unrest forced Todor Zhivkov, eastern Europe's longest surviving communist dictator, to resign in 1989 as leader of what country?  A) Romania  B) Czech Republic  C) Bulgaria  D) Poland  E) Hungary

c

In what year did the two Germanies reunite to form a united nation?  A) 1990  B) 1989  C) 1991  D) 1985  E) 1956

a

The purpose of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was to  A) funnel U.S. economic aid to NATO allies.  B) attract emerging economies into trade alliances with the United States.  C) eliminate barriers to free trade.  D) regulate currency rates.  E) set fair labor standards for the industrialized nations.

c

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modern global corporations?  A) They seek out the cheapest labor and raw materials.  B) They have helped provide more money for social services and welfare programs.  C) They prefer locations with few, if any, environmental laws.  D) They favor unrestricted free trade.  E) They scatter operations all over the world.

b

Which of the following was NOT a factor in the Japanese postwar "economic miracle"?  A) Massive aid from the United States enabled Japan to rebuild quickly after the war.  B) Japanese products were not barred from the U.S. market.  C) Restrictions imposed on Japanese defense spending enabled them to channel much of their GNP into economic development.  D) Abundant reserves of oil and gas fueled postwar industrialization.  E) Cheap labor costs and a compliant workforce made Japanese industry very competitive.

d

Which of the following is NOT one of Asia's "little tigers"?  A) Hong Kong  B) Singapore  C) South Korea  D) Taiwan  E) Vietnam

e

All of the following have contributed to the dramatic growth of the Chinese economy since the late 1970s EXCEPT  A) more efficient long-term economic forecasting by the Communist Party leadership.  B) the opening of China to foreign investment and foreign technology.  C) the opening of Chinese domestic markets to foreign imports.  D) vast reserves of cheap labor.  E) All these answers are correct.

a

In the 1970s, OPEC demonstrated that  A) the only way to defeat Israel was for all Arab states to work together.  B) an alliance in control of a valuable resource could exert control over the global economy.  C) western powers could no longer dominate the Suez Canal.  D) overproduction of petroleum products can cause a slump in global prices.  E) All these answers are correct.

b

One objective that the EU and ASEAN share in common is a commitment to  A) human rights and environmental regulations.  B) democratic governments.  C) removing political barriers between member states.  D) removing barriers to trade between member states.  E) All these answers are correct.

d

Which of the following is NOT a good example of the Americanization of global culture?  A) Pizza Hut  B) Coca-Cola  C) McDonald's  D) Rolex watches  E) Pepsi

d

Which of the following statements is NOT true of modern global consumption?  A) Consumption becomes a means of self-expression as well as a source of personal identity.  B) Modern consumption is shaped by wants and desires rather than by needs or necessities.  C) Global consumption is entirely one way: the tastes of the United States are imposed on the rest of the world.  D) Where products scarcely vary from one another, consumers are encouraged to make purchases based on brand names.  E) Global consumerism threatens local and indigenous cultures.

c

One significant result of the electronic information age is that  A) English has become the primary language of global communications.  B) social and political isolation has been vastly reduced.  C) politically repressive regimes such as that of China are trying to control the Internet.  D) the gulf between the technological haves and have-nots has widened.  E) All these answers are correct.

e

Between 2005 and 2050, population is expected to continue growing in all of the following world regions EXCEPT  A) Africa.  B) Asia.  C) Europe.  D) North America.  E) Latin America.

c

Global warming refers to  A) natural variations in the global climate over time.  B) the rise in global temperatures caused by atmospheric pollution such as the emissions of cars and factories.  C) the risk of a nuclear war when the planet is politically "hot."  D) the increase in temperature caused by volcanic activity on the oceans' floors.  E) None of these answers is correct.

b

Which of the following statements is NOT true of modern terrorism?  A) Modern terrorists routinely employ violence against civilian targets.  B) Modern terrorists use sophisticated modern weapons and technologies.  C) Modern terrorists are not confined to any one state and operate effectively across borders.  D) Modern terrorists have been largely successful in achieving their political objectives.  E) None of these is correct, as all are true statements regarding modern terrorism.

d

The perceived grievances of al-Qaeda against the United States and its allies include all of the following EXCEPT  A) U.S. support of the Israeli occupation of Palestinian lands.  B) the presence of American troops in the holy land of Saudi Arabia.  C) U.S. failure to support the mujahideen in their war against the Soviet Union.  D) U.S. sanctions against Iraq.  E) None of these is correct, as all are perceived grievances of al-Qaeda against the U.S. and its allies.

c

Which of the following would NOT be a good example of an NGO?  A) Amnesty International  B) Greenpeace  C) Human Rights Watch  D) the Red Cross  E) the United Nations

e

The goals of feminism in industrialized nations after WWII include all the following EXCEPT  A) women's suffrage.  B) equal pay for equal work.  C) access to birth control and abortion.  D) legal equality.  E) None of these is correct, as all are modern goals of feminism.

a

As a result of China's one-child policy,  A) the population of China has stabilized.  B) a significant number of girl babies are missing.  C) women have achieved full gender equity in China.  D) lingering Confucian values have finally been rooted out.  E) All these answers are correct.

b

In spite of cultural prejudices against women in Asia, women have emerged as political leaders in all of the following countries EXCEPT  A) China.  B) India.  C) Myanmar (Burma).  D) Pakistan.  E) Sri Lanka.

a

Solidarity was a. a combined trade union and nationalist movement in Poland. b. the call for reunification of Germany. c. the appeal that East German leader Erich Honecker made for the communist world to stay united. d. one of the new ideological phrases made popular by Mikhail Gorbachev. e. the philosophy that a united capitalist world was destined to destroy communism.

a

The "velvet revolution" brought change to a. Czechoslovakia. b. Poland. c. Romania. d. Bulgaria. e. East Germany.

a

Mikhail Gorbachev's policy of perestroika referred to a. openness. b. "the great leap forward." c. decentralizing the economy. d. de-communism. e. reeducation.

c

When Mikhail Gorbachev discussed the opening of Soviet society to public criticism and admission of past mistakes, he used the term a. uskorenie. b. perestroika. c. ceauşescu. d. glasnost. e. zhivkov.

d

The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) started with how many nations? a. 30 communist nations b. 10 communist nations; 15 noncommunist nations c. 55 noncommunist nations d. 35 noncommunist nations; 11 communist nations e. 23 noncommunist nations

e

Which of these organizations has developed into a forum for settling international trade disputes? a. North American Treaty Organization b. Warsaw Pact c. United Nations d. World Trade Organization e. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries

d

Which of the following was NOT one of the "little tigers"? a. Thailand b. Hong Kong c. Singapore d. South Korea e. Taiwan

a

The Asian economic crisis began in 1997 in what country? a. China b. Thailand c. Hong Kong d. Japan e. South Korea

b

OPEC is a. the remnant of the old communist bloc nations. b. an association of southeast Asian nations. c. a military wing of the United Nations. d. an oil-producing cartel. e. designed to stop the spread of communism

d

Americanization refers to the a. homogenizing of global culture. b. spread of liberal democracy throughout the globe. c. spread of U.S.-financed high technology. d. central role that U.S. financial institutions play in the world market. e. spread of Latin American influences to the U.S. market.

a

The spread of U.S. mass culture a. is welcomed around the world. b. provides a standard of quality that did not exist before. c. is viewed as the first positive step in the creation of a truly global American empire. d. is feared at all times. e. is often seen as a threat to local or indigenous cultures.

e

Because of the rise of communication technology, observers have labeled today's era the a. age of anxiety. b. age of entertainment. c. age of access. d. age of intrusion. e. age of privacy.

c

The new age of global interconnectedness a. has the potential to ensure complete equality among nations. b. eliminates the distinction between "connected" and "unconnected." c. provides the last, best chance for universal literacy. d. carries the threat of mass media acting as a vehicle for cultural imperialism. e. ensures the continued victory of capitalism over communism.

d

What has become the "universal tongue" of the twenty-first century? a. html b. hip hop c. English d. Spanglish e. commercialism

c

The term wangguan refers to a. the native American belief that the earth will reclaim its gifts from an ungrateful human population. b. dowry death. c. Mikhail Gorbachev's plea for "openness." d. the Indonesian antiglobalization. e. the "net wall" that China has attempted to construct to keep out the Internet.

e

The world's population increases by ________ every year. a. 200,000 b. 600,000 c. 4,500,000 d. 12,000,000 e. 75,000,000

e

It is estimated that by 2050 the population of the earth will reach a. 4.2 billion. b. 5.7 billion. c. 9 billion. d. 15.4 billion. e. 18.9 billion.

c

In 2005, the population of the earth stood at a. 2 billion. b. 3.5 billion. c. 4.3 billion. d. 6.5 billion. e. 8 billion.

d

The 1997 agreement at Kyoto was aimed at controlling which of the following threats to the world's environment? a. overpopulation b. the extinction of large numbers of plants and animals c. global warming from the emission of greenhouse gasses d. the threat of nuclear war in central Asia e. the destruction of the rainforests of Africa

c

The area(s) of the world where child labor is most prominent is/are a. Africa. b. south Asia. c. southeast Asia. d. the Middle East. e. south and southeast Asia.

e

The United States' "war on terror" began in the wake of which of the following events? a. the Islamic revolution in Iran b. the first Gulf War c. the attacks on the U.S. World Trade Center and Pentagon d. the 2003 invasion of Iraq to oust Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein e. an attack on a U.S. warship in Yemen

c

The earliest nongovernmental organization was a. the Red Cross. b. the International Monetary Fund. c. Greenpeace. d. the United Nations. e. the European Union.

a

Global recognition and acceptance of the concept of human rights grew after a. World War I. b. World War II. c. the cold war. d. the Vietnam War. e. the Korean War.

b

In the Islamic world, roughly what percentage of women is in the workforce? a. 50 b. 35 c. 20 d. 10 e. 2

d

The Equal Rights Amendment in the United States a. ensured equal pay for women. b. ensured government support for reproductive rights. c. dramatically increased the pay of women. d. was such a success that it was copied around the world. e. was never ratified.

e

The only countries that transformed their legal systems to ensure basic equality for women were a. Islamic countries. b. western European countries. c. Latin American countries. d. communist countries. e. North American countries.

d

China's population policy a. limits couples to one child. b. encourages families to have as many children as possible. c. has created a complicated but logical formula tying number of children to economic well-being. d. suggests that couples have no more than four children. e. was copied from a successful Indian policy.

a

One unsuspected consequence of China's one-child family rule is a. a precipitous drop in the Chinese population. b. the need to "import" women of a marriageable age. c. the mystery of a half million "missing" girls every year. d. repeated anti-governmental uprisings in the countryside. e. the loophole that allows the Chinese to adopt as many children as they want.

c

By 2001, female literacy in India stood at
a. 10 percent.
b. 20 percent.
c. 40 percent.
d. 54 percent.
e. 75 percent.

d

Dowry deaths are a major problem facing women in a. India. b. China. c. Saudi Arabia. d. the former Soviet Union. e. Mexico.

a

The Myanmar leader who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 is a. Indira Gandhi. b. Benazir Bhuto. c. Arundhati Roy. d. Aung San Suu Kyi. e. Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga.

d

The first female president of Sri Lanka was a. Chandrika Bandaranaike Kumaratunga. b. Indira Gandhi. c. Aung San Suu Kyi. d. Benazir Bhuto. e. Arundhati Roy.

a

The most famous and most strongly integrated regional bloc is

The European Union

The Russian leader who brought massive reform to the Soviet Union beginning in 1985 was

Mikhail Gorbachev