ap world terms units 7 & 8: 20th century

Bolsheviks

revolutionary russian socialist group led by Lenin, established a communist state

Vladimir Lenin

leader of the bolsheviks, founded the ussr

Guomindang

nationalist, anti-communist chinese political party, aimed to create republic and modernize china

Mao Zedong

leader of the ccp

Stalin and Mao

both leaders of communist governments, ussr and china

Zhenotdel

radical russian feminist movement, quickly retracted

Collectivization

turning individual land into large, state-run farms for more control over peasants

Five-Year Plans

stalin's 5-year agenda to industrialize russia

Great Leap Forward

campaign by CCP to turn China into a socialist society through rapid industrialization and collectivization, very unsuccessful

Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution

mao zedong's attempt at fully eliminating capitalism

Terror/Great Purges

campaign of political repression and mass executions to consolidate Stalin's power by eliminating communist enemies

Rape of Nanjing

japanese attack on chinese capital, mass rape and murder of chinese civilians

Hiroshima and Nagasaki

two japanese cities on which the us dropped the atomic bombs

Rosie the Riveter

symbol representing working american women during wwII

The Holocaust

systematic murder of jews and other persecuted groups by nazi germany

United Nations

international organization to dissolve global conflicts and prevent wwIII

Indian National Congress

formed by the indian elite, influenced Indian Independence Movement

Mohandas Gandhi

pushed for nonviolent protest for india's independence

Satyagraha

philosophy of nonviolent resistance by Gandhi_, crucial in independence and social justice movements of 20th century

Muslim League

organization formed by the minority muslim indian population to protect their interests

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

leader of the muslim league

Deng Xiaoping

the ccp leader following mao zedong, implemented capitalism in china

Mikhail Gorbachev

Last leader of Soviet Union whose efforts to reform USSR led to its collapse

Perestroika

aimed to decentralize USSR economy, reduce state control and encourage private enterprise and foreign investment

Glasnost

openness, allowed for open discussions and more cultural freedom in the USSR