Nuclear Repctors Key facts

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Last updated 10:17 AM on 5/2/26
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17 Terms

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Nuclear receptors
ligand gated transcription factor that regulate the synthesis of RNA from DNA during transcription by binding to specific DNA sequences)
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Nuclear receptors either wait ...

in the cytoplasm or in the nucleus for ligands.

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Essential for nuclear receptor function and activation at a specific promoter or enhancer is
chromatin priming, which prepares specific gene regions for activation before transcription actually starts
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Enhancers and promoters are...
transcriptional regulatory elements (sections of DNA that regulate transcription), that both increase transcriptional activity.
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Promoters exist near...
the start of a protein-coding gene or functional RNA and induce stable transcription in the direction of that gene.
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Enhancers are capable of regulating transcription independently of ...
orientation, direction, and distance.
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Nuclear receptor coregulators (coactivators and corepressors) play an essential part in ...
nuclear receptor-mediated transcription.
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Depending on their amino acid sequence, coregulators can can bind to the ...
vitamin D receptor (VDR a member of the nuclear receptor family) in the presence or absence of ligand and enable activation or repression of gene transcription.
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Agonist coactivators _ transcription and Antagonist corepressors _ transcription.
activate and inhibit
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The N-terminal domain contains ...
activation function AF-1
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Ligand binding domain is highly ordered, commonly with _ alpha-helices
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The ligand binding domain contains
activation function AF-2
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AF1 and AF2 are trans-activation functions where
AF1 is ligand-independent and AF2 is ligand-dependent
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DNA binding domain (P box and D box) anchors ...
the receptor to a specific hormone response element in the enhancer or promoter of genes that responds to nuclear receptors.
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The hormone response element is often a...
palindromic sequence and is composed of two identical half-sites that the two receptor subunits contact.
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The P(roximal)-box
(glycine-serine-valine) determines the target DNA sequence. it is responsible for the specific recognition of the DNA response elements
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The D(istal) -box
enables the receptor to form a complex, often with another receptor or a binding partner like the retinoid X receptor (RXR), which then binds to that target sequence, and is also involved with dimersataion