AP Human Geography - Unit 2 Test (Population and Migration)

Arithmetic population density is

the number of people per unit of measurement

Which of the following countries has the lowest arithmetic density?

Canada

Physiological density is

the number of people per square mile of arable land

Which country has a low arithmetic population density, but a high psychological population density?

Egypt

Globally, the three largest population concentrations are located in

Europe, South Asia, and East Asia

The population clusters in Asia

are predominately rural in nature

What region of North America is most densely populated?

Northeast

Under what circumstances could high birth rates pose a challenge for a country?

a) If a country's economy grows at a slower rate than the CBR

b) If a country is unable to provide adequate health care for its citizens

c) If a country's natural resources are depleted in an unsustainable manner

d) If a country's population structure resembles a pyramid

e) ALL OF THE ABOVE

Which population pyramid shows a population that is slowly growing?

Pyramid "B"

Which population pyramid shows a population whose total numbers is declining?

Pyramid "C"

Which population pyramid best reflects the population structure of Germany?

Pyramid "C"

Which population pyramid best reflects the population structure of the Philippines?

Pyramid "A"

The bulge on the left side of Population Pyramid "D" is most likely caused by

a migrant guest-worker program

Population Pyramid "E" has two bulges in its structure Demographers might call the bottom bulge

an Echo Boom

This is the measurement that shows the average number of people in an area's population who are not economically productive, who must be supported by the area's economically productive population.

Dependency Ratio

What differentiates a natural disaster from a natural hazard?

A natural disaster often includes the loss of property and life

Which area has the greatest arithmetic density?

Area "E"

Which area's population pattern is the most clustered?

Area "A"

Which area's population is distributed in a linear pattern?

Area "C"

Which area's population pattern is the most dispersed?

Area "B"

Historically, the world's population grew

slowly until about 1800 CE, before growing quickly between 1800 CE and the present

Over the past 200 years, the population of the world

has increased by approximately more than 55 billion

In the next 50 years, the population of the world

Is expected to rise to approximately 9 billion

The total change in population of a country's population is represented by which one of the following equations?

Total Population Change = Number of Births - Number of Deaths + Number of Immigrants - Number of Emigrants

A country's Total Fertility Rate is

the average number of children a woman can expect to give birth to during her lifetime

A country's Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is

the total number of children born per 1,000 population

Poland's total fertility rate is 12. What impact will this have on Poland's population?

Poland's population is decreasing

A country's Crude Death Rate (CDR) is

the total number of people who die per 1,000 population

The Natural Increase Rate (NIR) is calculated by

subtracting the Crude Death Rate (CDR) from the Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The major factor contributing to the explosive population growth in More Developed Countries (MDCs) during the 19th century and early 20th centuries was

the diffusion of the Industrial Revolution

The major reason for high growth rates in Least Developed Countries (LDCs) is

advanced medical practices and drugs have dramatically reduced death rates in Least Developed Countries (LDCs)

Thomas Malthus believed that

the world would soon be overpopulated because population grows at an exponential rate while the food supply increases at an arithmetic rate

life expectancy is

the average number of years a person is expected to live

Which of the following factors does not affect a person's life expectancy?

Parents' ages at the time of the person's birth

Reasons why life expectancy in Africa is so low include all of the following except

the spread of SARS

Which of the following statements about the Demographic Transition Model is TRUE?

Line A (red) represents Total Population, Line B (green) represents Death Rate, Line C (blue) represents Birth Rate

What does the shaded area on the diagram represent?

Natural Increase

Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Brazil and Mexico fit?

Stage 3

Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Australia and Canada fit?

Stage 4

Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Poland in Japan fit?

Stage 5

How can a country or region slow down its birth rates?

a) keep girls in school longer

b) improve the quality of life for citizens

c) distribute birth control devices

d) fund family planning programs

e) ALL OF THE ABOVE

The phenomenon when a country experiences a decline in the total fertility rate so that it experiences no natural increase is known as

Zero Population Growth

The type of migration in which a person chooses to migrate is called

voluntary migration

According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration , every migration flow generates a return migration flow. This phenomenon is known as

counter-migration

Which of Ravenstein's Laws of Migration best reflects the Gravity Model?

a) Most migrants are male

b) Most migrants move short distances

c) Most long distances migrants move to large urban areas

d) ALL OF THE ABOVE

According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, which group is most likely to move?

Young adults

According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, long distance migrants tend to settle

in large cities

Migration from a location is called

emigration

Migration to a location is called

immigration

Reasons why a person feels compelled to leave his or her home area is called

push factors

Reasons why a migrant is attracted to a specific destination is called

pull factors

Which of the following is an example of a push factor

Lack of employment in a migrant's city of residence

Which of the following is an example of a pull factor?

Plentiful jobs in the migrant's chosen destination

All of the following would be considered pull factors except

religious persecution in a migrant's chosen destination

The largest internal migration in history is

the rural to urban migration in China from 1970 to present

Which of the following is an effect of Chain Migration on the area of destination?

urban ethnic enclaves

The process of migrants moving to a specific location because of relatives or members of the same culture have already migrated and settled there is known as

chain migration

A type of migration in which a person migrates in a series of short distance moves is

step migration

Over a period of years, a person moves from his farm to a small town, from his small town to a small city, and finally from his small city to a large city. This is an example of

step migration

A physical landscape feature or political policy that hinders migration

an intervening obstacle

Which of the following is an example of an intervening obstacle?

a) The Demilitarized Zone on Korean Peninsula

b) Laws requiring immigrants to obtain visas before entering a country

c) Laws imposing immigration quotas on the number of immigrants who are allowed to move into a country

d) The wall separating the West Bank from Israel

e) ALL OF THESE INTERVENING OBSTACLES

Which of the following is an example of an intervening opportunity?

Taking a high paying job while in route to your intended destination

According to Wilbur Zelinsky's theory of Migration Transition

a) a person living in a country that is in stage 1 of the DTM is very unlikely to migrate internationally

b) a person living in a country that is in stage 2 of the DTM is most likely to migrate internationally

c) a person living in a country that is in stage 3 or 4 of the DTM is likely to migrate internally

d) ALL OF THE ABOVE

Forced migration is

a migration flow in which the migrants have no choice but to relocate

Which of the following was an example of forced migration?

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade

An example of forced migration is/was

a) deportation of illegal immigrants out of a country

b) removal of Native Americans to reservations

c) relocation of Japanese-Americans to internment camps during WWII

d) moving Jews to concentration camps in Nazi

Germany

e) ALL OF THE ABOVE

People who quickly flee their country because of violence or fear are considered

refugees

The difference between a migrant and a refugee is

a) migrants seek to move permanently; refugees usually seek to return to their home

b) migrants move to improve their lives; refugees move as a result of a catastrophic events in their homeland

c) migrants carefully plan their move; refugees have to move on a moment's notice

d) migrants are usually young and single; refugees are people of all ages

e) ALL OF THE ABOVE

An obstacle faced by international migrants include

a) difficulty obtaining permission to enter other countries

b) immigration laws limiting the number of migrants who can enter a country

c) citizens of the destination country who are often hostile

d) difficulty in adjusting to the new culture

e) ALL OF THE ABOVE

Undocumented Immigrants

are migrants who circumvent the process to enter the destination country illegally.

A person's activity space includes

geographic movement on a daily basis

The most common reason why illegal immigrants enter a country is because

they are seeking employment

Land suited for agriculture is called

arable land

life expectancy is lowest, on average, in

Africa

The two most populous countries in the world are

China and India