B1.1.6 - Structure of Cellulose

State what kind of glucose molecules cellulose is made of

Beta b-gluose

What kind of bonds can be found in cellulose?

𝛽 1-4 glycosidic bonds

What is unique about the orientation of glucose in cellulose, and why does this happen?

• the molecules alternate in rotation (180° relative to previous molecule - up-and-down)

• This is because the -OH groups must be facing each other to be able to bond

How does the straight chain structure of cellulose affect the physical properties of cellulose?

The straight chains allow for parallel packing which leads to a cross-linkage of hydrogen bonds → microfibrils that are strong and rigid

define microfibrils

a very fine fibril (fiber-like strand) bundle of of parallel chains of cellulose, that form the basis of plant cell walls

What gives tensile strength in plant cells, and what 2 roles does it fulfill in plant cells?

• the cross-linkage of hydrogen bonds

• preserves shape + prevents bursting from high turgor pressure

define tensile strength

the ability to stretch out and return to original shape

state 3 causes of tensile strength in microfibrils

• Strong covalent bonds in the molecules of cellulose

• the no. of molecules

• the cross-linkage b/w molecules