O3 Study Notes on Monasticism

Flashcards focusing on key vocabulary terms related to the power dynamics between popes and secular rulers during the 11th to 13th centuries.

Investiture Controversy

A series of conflicts from 1073 to 1122 concerning the appointment of church officials, primarily between the pope and secular rulers.

Papal Power

The authority exercised by the pope over the Catholic Church and its hierarchy, particularly in relation to secular rulers.

Dictatus Papae

A decree issued by Pope Gregory VII in 1075 outlining the powers of the pope, including the right to depose emperors.

Lay Investiture

The practice of secular leaders appointing bishops or other church officials, which was opposed by reform-minded popes.

Gregorian Reform

A series of reforms initiated by Pope Gregory VII aimed at liberating the Church from lay control and combating corruption.

Papal Monarchy

The concept of the pope as not only a spiritual leader but also a temporal ruler of the Papal States.

Concordat of Worms

The agreement reached in 1122 resolving the Investiture Controversy by distinguishing between spiritual and temporal powers.

Simony

The selling of ecclesiastical privileges, which the Gregorian reform sought to eliminate.

Ecclesiastical Election

The process by which church officials are elected, which was influenced by both papal and royal authority during this period.

Celibacy

The vow forbidding priests from marrying, which was a key issue in ecclesiastical reform efforts.