MED 121 Chapter 22: Drug Names, Drug Standards, Pharmacology, Controlled Substance Schedules, Prescription Drugs, Routes of Administration

Chemical

specifies the chemical makeup of the drug

Brand

identifies the drug legally and scientifically

Trade

name given by manufacturer (brand)

Food and Drug Administration

regulates the safety and effectiveness of prescription drugs in the U.S.

Over the counter

drugs that do not require care or a prescription from a health professional

Analgesic

substance that produces a reduction in the sensation of pain

Generic

a nonproprietary name for a drug

Antihistamine

drug used to treat allergic symptoms because of its action antagonistic to histamine

Histamine

compound liberated in tissues as a result of injury or an allergic response

Prescription

a written direction for the preparation and administration of a remedy

Pharmacist

person licensed by the state to prepare and dispense drugs

Pharmacology

science of the preparation, uses, and effects of drugs

Controlled drugs

drugs that have potential for abuse; they are divided into five schedules

Schedule I

high potential for abuse; no accepted medical use in U.S.

Schedule II

high potential for abuse

Schedule III

less potential for abuse than Schedules I and II; abuse of these substances may lead to low to moderated dependence

Schedule IV

lower potential for abuse than Schedule III

Schedule V

lower potential for abuse than Schedule IV

Anabolic steroid

prescription drug abused by some athletes to increase muscle mass

Antitussive

a cough remedy

Formulary

an official list of drugs approved for use by health-systems, managed care, or group of physicians

Medication

a substance having curative properties

Narcotic

drug derived from opium, or a synthetic drug with similar effects

Side effect

an undesirable result of drug or other therapy

Stimulant

agent that excites or strengthens functional activity

Bioavailability

the amount of a drug that reaches the systemic circulation and is available to reach the intended site of action

Enteral

administration of medications by way of the Gl tract

Toxicity

the state of being poisonous

Sublingual

underneath the tongue

Buccal

inside the cheek-a site for the administration of certain medications

Suppository

a small solid body containing medication that is placed in a body orifice other than the mouth to release the medication

Enema

an injection of fluid into the rectum

Antiemetic

a medication that helps to control nausea and vomiting

Topical

medication applied to a local area

Pessary

appliance inserted into the vagina

Transdermal

going across or through the skin