Ap World exam Unit 1 and 2 vocab

The Ap exam study guide for unit 1 (OCSA)

Neo-Confucianism

It was considered the re-emergence of Confucianism, incorporating Buddhist and Daoist beliefs. This combination of belief systems allowed more people follow it and Confucianist beliefs to become common in day to day life in Song China

Censorate

An agency that watched over the rest of the government to check for corruption and competence in it’s officials.

Hangzhou

The capital city of the Song Dynasty, and home to more than a million people. It was filled with specialized markets for meat, herbs, vegetables, books, rice, and more. (Economic)

Footbinding

A practice in which women tightly and painfully wrapped their feet so that they would stay small. This practice was to keep women indoors and in their lower status. (Social)

Kowtow

A series of bows, prostrations, and a tribute for the emperor in exchange for permission to trade with China. The Kowtow was a way to show the power that China has over other powers and states, that China was the best. (Social)

Xiongnu

An early Nomadic confederacy established around the same time as the Han Dynasty

Sultanate of Delhi

The last medieval empire primarily based in Delhi

“The Middle Kingdom”

The understanding that China is the center of the world

Sufis

Holy men who practiced Sufism, the Islam path to unity with god

Kabir

A fifteenth century Muslim mystic who played down the differences between Hinduism and Islam. They were two completely opposite belief systems, one being monotheistic, and the other being polytheistic. His writing may have been an attempt to lessen the tensions between the two religious groups.

Sikhism

A new and distinct religious tradition on the sixteenth century

Timbuktu

City in Mali that had more than 150 lower level Quranic schools

Mexica

A semi-nomadic group from Northern Mexico who established themselves on a small island in Lake Texoco. They eventually served as mercenaries for powerful people

Triple Alliance (600-1450)

The alliance between the Mexica and 2 other near-by city-states, They launched a large military conquest that brought most of Meso-America under one rule

Tenochitlan

A metropolis of 150,000 to 200,000 people, and the capital city of Mexica

Chinampas

“Floating Gardens”, They were artificial islands created from swamplands to support highly productive agriculture.

Huitzilopochtli

The Aztec patron deity who was said to be losing energy in battles against the encroaching darkness. To postpone the catastrophe, human blood was a required offering.

Quechua

The language spoken by the Inca

Gender parallelism

Women and men work on two different things, but they are equivalent, each getting autonomy in their duties.

Yuan Dynasty

The dynasty that was under mongol rule and took a Chinese name

Khublai Khan

The grandson of Chengis Khan and the mongol ruler of China between 1271 and 1294

Hulegu

He was the first Il-Khan of Persia, and the grandson of Chengis Khan

Khutulun

Female mongol ruler

Kipchak Khanate/ Golden horde

Turkic speaking people of the north who took over Russia, ruled by Batu Khan, grandson of Chengis Khan.

Monsoon Winds

Predictably alternating winds that blow eastward in Summer, and westward in Winter

Swahili Language

An African tongue written in Arabic script and some Arabic loan words

Great Zimbabwe

A phrase/word meaning “The powerful state” in Swahili

Jennie-Jeno

Urban and commercial center developed by the states of Sudanic Africa

Camel Caravans

Used to travel across deserts. Fleets in the desert were camel caravans. Fleets usually meant groups on ships.

Encomienda

A legal system in which the Spanish crown gave settlers local native people to have as laborers if they would protect and convert them.

Repartimiento

A colonial Spanish forced labor system using native peoples, giving more power to the crown

Peninsulares

People born in Spain

Creoles

People of Spanish descent who were born in America

Mestizos

Those of mixed race

Tupac Amaru Revolt

A major indigenous uprising against Spanish rule in Peru

Pastoralism

Pastoralism is both a way of life and a land use system that engages animal husbandry over open grasslands, including drylands, often communally managed

Filial Piety

The Confucian idea of respecting family and ancestors

Ulama

The educated class of religious scholars of the Islamic doctrine

Scholar Gentry

Men who study Confucian ideas with high status and work government jobs

Madrassas

Islamic places of learning and teaching

The hajj

An Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, required to go at least once in your life time

Pure Land School of Buddhism

A branch of the Mahayana Buddhism focused on achieving rebirth in a pure land

The An Lushan Rebellion

A rebellion led by An Lushan against the Tang dynasty

Modun

A xiongnu military leader

Turks

A pastoralist nomadic group

Artisans

Skilled craft workers

Buddhism

Mahayana Buddhism

Chan (Zen) Buddhism

Champa Rice