Fabrication & Falsification - IAH 206

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Last updated 3:52 PM on 2/16/26
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12 Terms

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definition - FALSIFICATION

changing EXISTING data in order to suit preferences

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FALSIFICATION - WAKEFIELD

  • altering of the childrens

    • medical conditions

    • timing of the vaccine

    • BOTH

  • FALSIFICATION was CRUCIAL for making it appear that there was a correlation between the vaccine and autism

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FALSIFICATION - KUMAR

  • biologist at CalTech

    • used pre-existing lines and duplicated them into his image blot (image manipulation)

      • defense —> said that he had never prepared a paper before + didn’t know that it was wrong

        • This defense was REJECTED (Kumar was an advanced researcher)

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definition - FABRICATION

completely MAKING UP data

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FABRICATION - URBAN

  • sent data + paper in for peer review (with phony data!!!)

    • When it came to light, he claimed he planned to obtain the real data and substitute it before publishing

      • said that time + career pressure led him to do it

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FABRICATION - NINOV

  • Altered the data analysis in order to produce fabricated results

    • actively denied the allegations and findings

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FABRICATION - SCHON

  • claimed that he (and 2 co-authors) had successfully fabricated a single-molecule transistor

    • the data was “too perfect”

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FABRICATION VS. FALSIFICATION

fabrication —> blatantly making up data

falsification —> altering existing data in order to fit preferences / hypothesis

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self-deception

  • scientists genuinely believe that they are doing science properly

  • Scientists believe in their results and that they accurately reflect what has happened in the study 

  • Similar tools for detection, dissimilar outcomes for scientists 

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SELF-DECEPTION - Raoult

  • French Microbiologist who claimed he had the “cure” for COVID-19 \

  • egotistical/egocentric way of self-deception (genuinely thought he was right because he does no wrong)

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SELF-DECEPTION - Blondot

  • French Physicist who believed he found a new type of ray (N-Rays)

  • genuinely thought he found a new type of rays

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differences between Fraud (fabrication / falsification) and self-deception

Fraud —> intent to deceive

Self-deception —> genuinely thought they had discovered something new