moral week 7
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4 Terms
Rousseau and the Fall from Innocence
The variants of the First Formula
The Formula of Universal Law: “Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you can at the same time will that it become a universal law.”
The Formula of the Law of Nature: “Act as if the maxim of your action were to become by your will a universal law of nature.”
Hypothetical and Categorical Imperatives
Hypothetical Imperatives presuppose the adoption of an antecedent end and prescribe an action as the means to that end.
Categorical Imperatives do not presuppose the adoption of an antecedent end: A rational being is required to perform the relevant action whatever ends he may in fact have adopted.
The Formula of the Law of Nature (the 4 steps)
Four Steps:
Specify the maxim to be tested
Generalise the maxim
Transform the generalised maxim into a law of nature
Conjoin the hypothetical law of nature to the existing laws of nature and to work out the consequences of this in determining the new system of nature.
The target maxim is permissible just in case one can coherently will the resulting system of nature.