Particle Theory and States of Matter

Flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on particle theory and the states of matter.

Particle Theory

A theory that explains the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the arrangement and movement of their particles.

Electrostatic Attraction

The force that attracts oppositely charged particles, forming strong chemical bonds.

States of Matter

The distinct forms that different phases of matter take on, traditionally categorized as solid, liquid, and gas.

Strong Chemical Bonds

Bonds formed by strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged particles (ionic, covalent, metallic).

Melting Point

The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid.

Boiling Point

The temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas.

Ionic Bond

A type of chemical bond formed through the electrostatic attraction between ions of opposite charges.

Covalent Bond

A type of chemical bond formed when two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons.

Metallic Bond

A type of chemical bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons surrounding them.

Evaporation

The process by which a liquid changes into a gas at temperatures below its boiling point.

Density of Gas

The mass per unit volume of a gas, which can be affected by temperature and pressure.