[10.21] Personality Disorders V2.1.pdf

Characteristics of a person that adapt in unique ways to ever-changing internal and external environments

What is the definition of personality?

Collection of character traits

What makes up a particular personality?

Honesty and diligence

What are two examples of character traits mentioned in the source?

Understanding personality and its disorders

What distinguishes psychiatry from all other branches of medicine?

Psychosocial treatment

Why do psychiatrists need to understand personalities even if they are not psychologists?

Common and chronic

What are two primary descriptors for personality disorders?

10 to 20 percent

What percentage of the general population is estimated to have a personality disorder?

Frequent comorbid

How do personality disorders relate to other clinical syndromes?

Ego-syntonic and alloplastic

What are the two specific descriptors for symptoms of a personality disorder?

The person does not understand what they are doing is wrong because for their ego it is okay

What does ego-syntonic mean?

The id and the superego

The ego is the pathway between which two parts of the mind?

The person believes the environment should change for them

What does alloplastic mean?

An enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior

What is the core definition of a General Personality Disorder?

Culture

A personality disorder deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual's what?

Cognition, Affectivity, Interpersonal functioning, and Impulse control

A personality disorder pattern is manifested in two or more of which four areas?

Inflexible and pervasive

What two terms describe the pattern across personal and social situations?

Adolescence or early adulthood

To what life stage can the onset of a stable personality disorder be traced?

A mental disorder, substance effects, or a medical condition

A personality disorder pattern cannot be better explained by what three things?

Cluster A

Which cluster is described as odd and aloof?

Cluster B

Which cluster is described as dramatic, impulsive, and erratic?

Cluster C

Which cluster is described as anxious and fearful?

Weirdos

What is the general nickname given to Cluster A?

Psychotic disorders

What mental health concerns are most commonly associated with Cluster A?

Mood disorders

What mental health concerns are most commonly associated with Cluster B?

Anxiety disorders

What mental health concerns are most commonly associated with Cluster C?

Genetic, Biological, and Psychoanalytic

What are the three categories of etiology for personality disorders?

Identifying defense mechanisms

What is the psychoanalytic focus when treating personality disorders?

Anxiety and depression

Abandoning defense mechanisms might require a patient to become aware of what two things?

Paranoid, Schizoid, and Schizotypal

Name the three disorders in Cluster A.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Which disorder involves long-standing suspiciousness and mistrust of people in general?

Rational and objective

Patients with Paranoid PD often pride themselves on being what, even though they are not?

Schizophrenia

Paranoid PD can be a harbinger for what condition later in life?

Hostile, humorless, and serious

What are three MSE findings regarding the mood and attitude of a paranoid patient?

Formal and business-like

How do paranoid patients typically act during an interview?

Muscular tension

Why are paranoid patients often unable to relax physically?

Challenge their paranoid thoughts

What action by the doctor causes a paranoid patient to get irritated and angry?

Ideas of reference

What is the term for feeling that external events like TV ads or billboards are specifically about you?

Suspiciousness

What is the pervasive pattern of Paranoid PD?

Sufficient basis

Paranoid patients suspect others are exploiting or harming them without what?

Confide in others

What are paranoid patients reluctant to do because they fear information will be used maliciously?

Bear grudges

What do paranoid patients do persistently regarding insults or slights?

Meet the Parents or Meet the Fockers

Which movie features a character portraying Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Robert De Niro

Which actor played the ex-CIA agent with paranoid traits?

Circle of trust

What specific phrase did the character in Meet the Parents use to describe his limited confidants?

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Which disorder is characterized by a lifelong pattern of social withdrawal?

Human interaction

Patients with Schizoid PD feel discomfort with what?

Solitary

What kind of jobs do schizoid patients gravitate toward?

Night work or graveyard shifts

What specific work schedule do schizoid patients prefer?

Express anger directly

What is a schizoid patient's lifelong inability?

Fantasized omnipotence

What type of internal belief system do schizoid patients sometimes have?

Ill at ease with poor eye contact

How does a schizoid patient appear during an MSE?

Constricted

What type of affect do schizoid patients usually show?

Childish and off the mark

How do a schizoid patient's efforts at humor usually seem?

Short answers

What is a characteristic of a schizoid patient's speech during an interview?

Detachment

What is the pervasive pattern of Schizoid PD?

Solitary activities

What do schizoid patients almost always choose?

Sexual experiences

Schizoid patients have little if any interest in what?

Praise or criticism

To what are schizoid patients usually indifferent?

Emotional coldness

Besides detachment, what do schizoid patients show?

Edward Scissorhands

Which movie character portrays Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Which disorder involves being strikingly odd or strange?

Magical thinking

Name one peculiar thinking style seen in Schizotypal PD.

Derealization

What is the feeling that one's environment is not real?

Schizotypal PD

Which disorder is often the premorbid personality of a patient with schizophrenia?

Reduced capacity for close relationships

Schizotypal PD is marked by social deficits and what else?

Odd, eccentric, or peculiar

How is the behavior or appearance of a schizotypal patient described?

Excessive social anxiety

What type of anxiety do schizotypal patients have that does not diminish with familiarity?

Paranoid fears

Social anxiety in Schizotypal PD is associated with what rather than negative self-judgment?

Harry Potter

Which book/movie series features characters like Professor Trelawney and Luna Lovegood to illustrate schizotypal traits?

Antisocial, Borderline, Histrionic, and Narcissistic

Name the four disorders in Cluster B.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Which disorder is defined by an inability to conform to social norms?

Withdrawn

What is the common mistake people make when defining the word antisocial?

Men with alcohol use disorder

In which demographic is the prevalence of Antisocial PD highest?

Before age 15

When is the typical onset for traits leading to Antisocial PD?

Conduct Disorder

Adults with Antisocial PD were usually diagnosed with what as children?

Fire setting and cruelty to animals

Name two childhood behaviors associated with Conduct Disorder.

Mask of sanity

What is the term for an antisocial patient appearing composed and credible?

Stress interview

What may be necessary to push an antisocial patient's behavior during an MSE?

Charming and ingratiating

How do antisocial patients often behave to gain favor?

Lack of remorse

What do antisocial patients show regarding having hurt or mistreated others?

Manipulative and scheming

How are antisocial patients described in their interactions?

Deceitfulness

What term describes repeated lying or conning others for profit?

Reckless

What term describes their disregard for the safety of self or others?

At least 18 years old

What is the minimum age required for an Antisocial PD diagnosis?

Girl Interrupted

Which movie features Lisa, a classic antisocial personality played by Angelina Jolie?

Locking other patients in a room

What action by the character Lisa showed reckless disregard for safety?

Borderline Personality Disorder

Which disorder is described as being on the border of neurosis and psychosis?

Reality testing is not impaired

How is neurosis defined in the context of Borderline PD?

Lack of reality testing

How is psychosis defined in the context of Borderline PD?

Twice as common in women

What is the gender epidemiology of Borderline PD?

State of crisis

In what state do patients with Borderline PD almost always appear?

Micropsychotic episodes

What term describes the brief psychotic-like symptoms in Borderline PD?

Frantic search for companionship

What does the inability to be alone lead to in borderline patients?

Projective identification

What is the characteristic defense mechanism of Borderline PD?

The patient projects negative feelings onto another person until that person starts to act like those feelings

What is projective identification?

Gaslighting

What is a modern example of projective identification mentioned in the source?

Annoy the therapist

What will a borderline patient do in therapy to trigger a response they can then blame?

Instability

What is the pervasive pattern regarding relationships, self-image, and affects in Borderline PD?

Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment

What is a hallmark behavioral effort in Borderline PD?

Idealization and devaluation

Between which two extremes do borderline relationships alternate?