Lingua Italiana I - Science & Humanities Flashcards

A comprehensive vocabulary and concept set based on 'Lingua Italiana I' lecture articles regarding sleep science, paleontology, epidemiology, animal behavior, and Italian female literature.

UK Biobank

A long-term biomedical database following the lives of half a million volunteers, used to conduct studies on sleep patterns and health.

Russell Foster

A researcher from the University of Oxford who confirmed that chronic sleep deprivation is significantly harmful to health.

Insomnia

The inability to sleep despite wanting to; unlike those with sleep deprivation, individuals with this condition cannot sleep even if provided a bed during the day.

Sleep Deprivation

A condition where an individual sleeps little by choice or necessity; these individuals will typically fall asleep if given a bed during the day.

Guy Leschziner

A neurologist and expert in sleep disorders who notes that while insomniacs feel they do not sleep, they often rest almost as much as normal sleepers, albeit in a more 'tormented' way.

Lystrosaurus

A herbivorous therapsid that survived the Permian-Triassic mass extinction approximately $252 \times 10^6$ years ago and laid soft, flexible eggs.

Oviparity

A type of reproduction where the growth of the embryo terminates outside the mother's organism, inside eggs.

Synchrotron radiation

A very intense radiation used as a 'super microscope' to perform high-resolution computed tomography on fossils without destroying them.

Julien Benoit

The paleontologist from the University of Witwatersrand who led the study on the Lystrosaurus egg fossil.

Mandibular symphysis

The joint where the two halves of the lower jaw fuse; in Lystrosaurus, this was incomplete at birth, meaning the offspring could not feed themselves immediately.

$$115\,cm^3$$

The volume of the Lystrosaurus egg, which was relatively large compared to the animal's average length of $90\,cm$.

Streptococcus pyogenes

Also known as Group A streptococcus, this bacterium is the pathogen responsible for scarlet fever.

Bering Strait

The route through which the first humans likely arrived in the Americas approximately $22,000\,years$ ago.

Iwate University

The Japanese institution that researched cat feeding behaviors and discovered that cats stop eating due to olfactory boredom rather than satiety.

Forasacchi

Dry grass seeds (spighe secche) that can get stuck in a pet's ear and cause serious infections or neurological issues.

Alba de Cspedes

An author discussed by Elio Baldi who used her writing to subvert imposed silence and address the limited social paths for women.

Ceccarella Minutolo

A Neapolitan noblewoman recognized for her elegant and witty letters, presented as a historical example of female writing.

Fabbisogno

The Italian term for 'the need,' specifically referring to the body's requirement for sleep.

Ornitorinco

The Italian term for the platypus, one of the few modern egg-laying mammals mentioned in comparison to Lystrosaurus.

Siccिट (Siccit)

The Italian term for drought conditions, which Lystrosaurus was able to survive due to its nutrient-rich eggs.

Scarlattina

The Italian term for scarlet fever, an illness caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes.

Incastrato

The Italian term used to describe when an object, like a grass seed, has 'got stuck' in an animal's fur or ear.