Ortho Malocclusion Competency

class I =

neutrocclusion

class II =

distocclusion (mesial groove distal to MB cusp)

class III

mesiocclusion (mesial groove mesial to MB cusp)

class II division 1

class II molar relationship with increased OJ and flared max central incisors (labioversion)

class II division 2

class II molar relationship with upright or retroclined max central incisors and deep overbite (linguoversion)

___% of malocclusions have a known cause

5

____% of people have normal occlusion

35

__% of malocclusions have an unknown cause

60

___% of the population has a malocclusion, and nearly half have class ___ malocclusions

65; I

___% of the population have class II malocclusions

25

<___% of the population has a class III malocclusion

5

mand incisors are typically proclined in ____ pts and retroclined in _____ pts

retrusive; protrusive

removable ortho appliances

- hawley retainer - activator - bionator - twin block - schwartz - frankel - clear aligners

fixed ortho appliances

- braces - space maintainers - lingual bonded retainers - expanders - quad helix - herbst appliance - MARA - pendex and distal jet

growth modification appliances for class II tx

- bionator - activator - twin block - frankel II - herbst - MARA - cervical or high pull headgear

growth modification appliances for class III tx

- reverse pull facemask - frankel III - chin cup

goal of cervical and high pull headgear

restrict maxilla growth to wait for mandible to catch up

how many hrs per day is headgear worn?

10-12 hrs

how much force does headgear exert?

12-16 oz (350-450 g per side)

high pull headgear exerts _____ force on molars and causes a ____ effect

intrusive; distalizing

high pull headgear exerts force ____ occlusal plane and help treats ______ growers (long face)

above; vertical

cervical pull headgear causes ____ force to increase lower facial higher and has a ____ effect on molars

extrusive; distalizing

cervical pull headgear exerts force ___ occlusal plane and txs pts that are ____ growers (short face/deep bite)

below; horizontal

fixed appliances used to tx class II

- herbst - MARA

herbst and AMRA have _____ effect on mandibular incisors and cause ___ of maxillary molars

proclined; intrusion

herbst/MARA position the mandible _____ and restrict _____ growth

forward; maxilla

eruption of teeth _____ when wearing a herbst/MARA

adapts

a chin cup is used for young pts with ______, and doesn't restrict growth but redirects the ____ the grow more ______

prognathism; mandible; vertically

how many hrs per day should a pt wear chin cup?

10-15

how long should a pt wear a chin cup?

until growth is completed

three basic components to reverse pull face mask

- facial mask - maxillary splint - elastics

reverse pull face mask rubber bands stimulate maxillary growth in the _____ direction

anteroposterior

maxillary splint hooks for a reverse pull face mask are placed adjacent to ____ ____ ______ above the occlusal plane

primary first molars

tx protocol for reverse pull face mask

- 3-4 months full time until positive OJ achieved - 3-4 months daytime for overcorrection - 3-4 months at bedtime for retention

a frankel III is a functional intraoral appliance used in class III pts with ____ ____

underdeveloped maxilla

three effects of FR III

- forward movement of maxilla - downward and backward redirection of mandibular growth - lingual tipping of lower incisors

where are class III elastics placed?

maxillary first molar to mandibular canine

a ____ space maintainer is unilateral and used for premature loss of primary molars

band and loop

a _____ ______ is bilateral and used for premature loss of primary molars

lingual arch

a _____ is used for the upper arch and the button prevents ____ movement of molars when primary molars are lost prematurely

nance