What to Know - HZT4U Exam Review

Socratic method

• method of questioning that is used to engage people over the meaning of some claim to knowledge, to cross examine an opponent until a clear answer is found

• it begins when a person makes a claim to knowledge, a common sense definition is put forth, the claim is challenged, and the process continues until a definition is constructed.

Rene Descartes view of human nature

• what makes you is your soul

• He takes a spiritual perspective by addressing your soul having an impact on who you are as an individual.

• - rationalist - individualistic - ‘i ultimately make my own decisions’ - think before you act

Locke’s view of human nature

your memories make you who you are. - individualistic - deterministic

• other people shape who you are through your memories

• people attached to events that happened

4 Types of justice

1. Commutative justice - contracts??????

2. Distributive justice - government

3. Ecological justice - environment

4. Social justice - commutative and government - donations + social programs

Commutative justice

contractual justice, governs the relationships and exchanges between individuals

Key aspects

Fair Exchange: concerned with the fairness of exchanges, such as those found in business transactions or private agreements [conversation history].

Contractual Obligations: It focuses on the fulfillment of contracts and the duty of individuals to honor their promises to one another

Distributive justice

Fair distribution of society’s benefits and burdens (vertical relationship between state and individual)

Ecological Justice

concerned with the protection, preservation, and sustainable management of the natural world

Social Justice

air and proper distribution of rights, duties, and resources within a society

. In the context of your sources, it is often viewed as the interplay between individuals and the state, aimed at promoting the common good