Psychology: Therapy Types, Defense Mechanisms, and Social Behavior

Goal of psychoanalytic therapy

To make the patient aware of repressed ideas

Freudian Defense Mechanisms

Repression, Regression, Reaction Formation, Projection, Rationalization, Displacement, & Slip

Strengths and weaknesses of individual therapy

It is tailored specifically to that individual's problems though these plans are really expensive

Strengths and weaknesses of group therapy

One isn't alone and one are with people who can relate to it. There is built-support network and it is less expensive. However, these plans are not efficient

Gestalt theory

Idea that to understand a patient, a psychologist needs to put themselves into the experience of the subject

Therapist method of using active listening

Focuses on asking questions and listening rather than giving advice or analysis

Unconditional positive regard

Practice of constantly praising someone while avoiding any criticism

Study of Mental Health Medications and Their Effects

Psychopharmacology/psychopharmaceuticals

Category of psychopharmacology tripling in use over the past 3 decades

Antidepressants

Anti-psychotics' function

Blocks Dopamine

Muscle tics from heavy intake of antipsychotics

Tardive Dyskinesia

Successfully treats a phobia through gradual, controlled exposure

Systematic Desensitization

Pushing oneself to deal with a perceived inadequacy

Overcompensation

Collective unconscious

The source of personality according to Jung

Therapy to stop someone from doing unwanted behavior

Aversion Therapy

Mental disorders shown to improve through ECT

Severe depression & suicide

Tendency of a person to favor the group they're in as opposed to other groups

Ingroup Bias

A person acting at a higher level in the presence of others

Social Facilitation

Tendency of a person to act out due to being anonymous within a crowd

Deindividuation

NIMBY

NIMBY stands for "Not In My Back Yard." It is a term used to describe people who object to the construction or location of necessary—but often undesirable—facilities in their own local neighborhoods

People's attribution of a one's behavior to one's personality

Dispositional Attribution

People's attribution of a behavior to events occurring at the time

Situational Attribution (Attribution Theory)

Belief that a group suffers inequality because there must be something wrong with them

Prejudice

Videos games is example of a type of process that creates aggression

Conditioning

Tendency of a person to change their beliefs to fit those of the group they're in

Conformity

Tendency for people to not act to help someone when a crowd is present

Bystander Effect

Factors of conformity Milgram identified in his experiments

Authority, prestige, depersonalization, & no role models for defiance

A person being aggressive because society believes the situation often calls for aggression

Social Script

Person's tendency to quickly take on the characteristics of a group of people

Chameleon Effect

Process where groups become increasingly different and separate over time

Group polarization

Difference between prejudice and discrimination

While prejudice means biased thinking, discrimination means biased actions

Tendency for people who have agreed to small requests to later agree to larger ones

Foot-In-The-Door phenomenon

Reason for people of Le Chambon to resist Nazi orders to round up Jews while those of Jozefow cooperated

Lack of authority

The amount of people to agree with the group who is wrong concluded with Asch's experiment

1/3 of average

People's tendency to work less when part of a group effort

Social Loafing

Eventual event to an over-crowded society according to Calhoun's experiment

Behavioral Sink

Effect of opposing characteristics on attraction

Opposites retract

Media affecting attractiveness

Good Vs. Evil & Beauty Products

Similarity of looks and personality leading to attraction

Similarity Attraction Theory

Source of a person's tendency to be attracted to those with similar physical characteristics

Assortative mating

Type of attraction based on a desire to become engaged in a romantic liaison

Passionate

Biggest factor in determining attraction regardless of gender, according to the Dance Study conducted by the University of Minnesota

Attractiveness

Human need to reveal intimate personal details to companions

Self Disclosure

Type of attraction based on a desire to "hang out" with another person

Companionate

Reason behind people being in a relationship longer than they probably should, according to reward theory

Companionship

Theory stating that people are attracted to those they are around

Mere-exposure effect

Common biologically directed characteristics women look for in men

Rich, tall, & older

Common characteristics men look for women

Young, hot, & curves

Housewives found them attractive during a study conducted in the 1950s

The mailman

Reason behind standards of attractiveness changing over time

Evolving economy & societal values

Key to a stable, successful relationship according to reward theory

Equality

Popular term is more commonly used to refer to "thought reform"

Brainwashing

Three basic methods of though reform

Compliance, persuasion, & education

Common characteristics that all potential cult members have

Vulnerable

Reason behind most cult leaders being men

Father figure

Importance for cults to be isolated from the outside world

Hard to get to & hard to get away, harder to succumb to outside influence

Reason behind forcing a person to commit acts that violate their personal beliefs being so important in though reform

It creates guilt, self betrayal, so that they are forced to rely on the cult

The type of multiple intelligence do cult leaders generally have in abundance

Interpersonal

Cause behind cult leaders develop increasingly bizarre doctrines and suffer from paranoia and delusions

Due to isolation, when there is no one around one to keep one's sane, the one will start to have delusions and believe it's own nonsense