Anatomy Lab Practical 2

Skeletal II to Muscle III

Spine of the Scapula

Thin narrow process on the middle of the scapula

Glenoid Fossa

Indented process where the humerus connects to the scapula

Acromion Process

Caudal bony extension of the spine of the scapula

Supraglenoid Tubercle

Tubercle that is superior (cranial) to the glenoid process

Wing of the Ilium

Most cranial part of the ilium; spans out to the sides

Body of the Ilium

Caudal part of the ilium; straight up and down

Tuber Coxae

Ventral thickening point of the ilium

Tuber Sacrale

Dorsal thickening point of the ilium; where the sacrum attaches to the ilium

Ischiatic Tuberosity

Lateral thickening point of the ischium

Pelvic Symphysis

Where the two pubic bones join

Obturator Foramen

Two holes on the caudal part of the os coxae

Acetabulum

Where the three pelvic bones join; where the femur attaches to the os coxae

Head of the Humerus

Ball at the proximal end of the humerus

Greater Tubercle

Tubercle right next to the head of the humerus

Deltoid Tuberosity

Tuberosity on the side of the humerus

Olecranon Fossa

Divot on the posterior distal end of the humerus; where the olecranon attaches

Radial Fossa

Divot on the anterior distal end of the humerus; where the radius attaches

Head of the Femur

Ball at the proximal end of the femur

Greater Trochanter

Peak by the head of the femur

Medial and Lateral Condyles

The condyles on the distal end of the femur

Patella

Kneecap

Head of the Radius

Proximal end of the radius; makes a circle shape

Tibia

T-shaped bone; larger of the two main distal leg bones

Olecranon

Elbow; process on the proximal end of the ulna

Fibula

Skinny bone in the distal hind leg

Carpus Bones

Bones in the wrist

Talus

Short bone in the proximal row of the tarsus

Calcaneus

Longer bone in the proximal row of the tarsus

Metacarpal Bones

Bones distal to the carpals

Metatarsal Bones

Bones distal to the tarsus

Metacarpal/ Metatarsal/ Proximal Sesamoid Bones

Sesamoid bones between P1 and MC/MT

Distal Sesamoid Bones

Sesamoid bones between P2 & P3

Phalanges

Name for the digits

First Phalanx

Most proximal phalanx

Second Phalanx

Phalanx in the middle

Third Phalanx

Most distal phalanx

Pectoral Muscle Group

Ventral-cranial muscle group

Sternomastoid

V-shaped muscles in the neck

Sternohyoid

Vertical strap muscles in the neck

Latissimus Dorsi

Dorsal to the pectoral muscles

Atlanto-occipital Joint

Joint between the atlas and the occipital condyles

Atlanto-axial Joint

Joint between the atlas and axis

Vertebral Articulations

Joint between vertebrae

Glenohumeral Joint

Joint between scapula and humerus

Humeroradioulnar Joint

Elbow joint

Carpus

Wrist joint

Metacarpophalangeal/fetlock Joint

Joint between the MC and P1

Proximal Interphalangeal/pastern Joint

Joint between P1 and P2

Distal Interphalangeal Joint

Joint between P2 and P3

Coxofemoral Joint

Joint between os coxae and femur

Stifle Joint

Overall knee joint

Femoropatellar Joint

Joint between the femur and patella

Femorotibial Joint

Joint between the femur and tibia

Tarsus

Ankle joint

Metatarsophalangeal/fetlock Joint

Joint between MT and P1

Triceps Brachii

3 headed muscle on the outside part of the proximal forelimb

Biceps Brachii

Thick muscle on the inner part of the humerus; only one head in animals

Serratus Ventralis

Large fan shaped muscle deep to the scapula

Gluteus Medius

Larger and more cranial glute muscle

Gluteus Maximus

Smaller and more caudal glute muscle

Caudofemoralis

Caudal to gluteus maximus; origin is the first coccygeal vert

Biceps Femoris

Very large muscle on the outside of the hindleg

Semimembranosus

More medial of the muscles on the back of the hindleg

Semitendinosus

More lateral of the muscles on the back of the hindleg

Gracilis

More caudal muscle on the inner thigh

Sartorius

More cranial muscle on the inner thigh

Vastus Lateralis

Most lateral muscle in the quadricep complex

Vastus Medialis

Most medial muscle in the quadricep complex

Vastus Intermedius

Deep to rectus femoris

Rectus Femoris

Most cranial of the quadricep complex

Gastrocnemius

Calf muscle; back of the lower hindleg

External Abdominal Oblique

Most superficial oblique muscle; runs caudoventrally

Internal Abdominal Oblique

Just deep to the external abdominal oblique muscles; runs cranioventrally

Transversus Abdominis

Most deep oblique muscle; fibers fun transversely (ventrally)

Rectus Abdominis

Most ventral abdominal muscle; long and narrow strap

External/internal Intercostals

Muscles between the ribs

Visceral Pleura

Lines the lungs directly

Parietal Pleura

Lines the ribs and diaphragm

Pericardial Sac

Sac surrounding the heart

Heart

Superficial to the lungs; responsible for the circulation of blood

Aortic Arch

Part of the aorta that comes straight off of the heart; makes a bridge shape

Brachiocephalic Trunk

Branches into 3 branches; most medial branch of the aortic arch

Common Carotid Arteries

Supply blood to the head; cross the trachea and esophagus to ascend the neck

Thoracic Aorta

The cranial part of the aorta

Cranial Vena Cava

Returns blood from the head, neck, and thoracic limbs; connects to the right atrium

External Jugular Veins

Within the jugular groove of the neck

Abdominal Aorta

Part of the aorta in the abdominal cavity

Renal Arteries

Part of the abdominal aorta that connects to the kidneys

Renal Vein

Part of the vena cava that connects to the kidneys

Cranial Mesenteric Artery

Connects to the small intestine; caudal to the celiac artery

Celiac Artery

First branch off of the abdominal aorta; has 3 branches

Hepatic Portal Vein

Vein from liver to heart

Caudal Vena Cava

Returns blood from the thorax, abdomen, and hindlimbs; connects to the right atrium

Right Atrium

Cranial chamber on the right side of the heart

Right Ventricle

Caudal chamber on the right side of the heart

Left Atrium

Cranial chamber on the left side of the heart

Left Ventricle

Caudal chamber on the left side of the heart

Tricuspid Valve / Right Atrioventricular Valve

Valve between the right atrium and ventricle

Mitral Valve / Left Atrioventricular Valve

Valve between the left atrium and ventricle

Pulmonary Semilunar Valve

Between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery