Long-term memory - Chapter 7

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Last updated 6:06 PM on 6/13/26
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17 Terms

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Human memory splits into

  • WHAT

  • WHAT

  • WHAT

Human memory splits into

  • Sensory memory

  • Short-term memory

  • Long-term memory

<p>Human memory splits into </p><ul><li><p>Sensory memory </p></li><li><p>Short-term memory </p></li><li><p>Long-term memory </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Long-term memory splits into

  • WHAT

  • WHAT

Long-term memory splits into

  • Explicit memory

  • Implicit memory

<p>Long-term memory splits into </p><ul><li><p>Explicit memory </p></li><li><p>Implicit memory </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Explicit memory

Conscious

<p>Conscious </p>
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Implicit memory

Unconscious

<p>Unconscious </p>
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Explicit memory goes into

  • WHAT

Explicit memory goes into

  • Declarative memory

<p>Explicit memory goes into</p><ul><li><p>Declarative memory </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Declarative memory

Facts and events

<p>Facts and events </p>
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Declarative memory splits into

  • WHAT

  • WHAT

Declarative memory splits into

  • Episodic memory

  • Semantic memory

<p>Declarative memory splits into </p><ul><li><p>Episodic memory </p></li><li><p>Semantic memory </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Episodic memory

events and experience (holiday to Greece)

<p>events and experience (holiday to Greece) </p>
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Semantic memory

Facts and knowledge (capital cities or word meanings)

<p>Facts and knowledge (capital cities or word meanings) </p>
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Implicit memory goes into

  • WHAT

Implicit memory goes into

  • Procedural memory

<p>Implicit memory goes into </p><ul><li><p>Procedural memory </p></li></ul><p></p>
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Procedural memory

Skills and tasks (how to ride a bike)

<p>Skills and tasks (how to ride a bike) </p>
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Semantic memory - Object knowledge WHAT over many interactions

Semantic memory - Object knowledge LEARNED over many interactions

<p>Semantic memory - Object knowledge LEARNED over many interactions</p>
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Episodic memory - Memory for WHAT events that you have WHAT

Episodic memory - Memory for SPECIFIC events that you have EXPERIENCED

<p>Episodic memory - Memory for SPECIFIC events that you have EXPERIENCED</p>
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Semantic network

  • An item’s WHAT and WHAT are linked to it

  • The closer the nodes, the WHAT the WHAT will be

  • Activating one node increases the likelihood that closely associated nodes will be WHAT

Semantic network

  • An item’s CHARACTERISTICS and ASSOCIATIONS are linked to it

  • The closer the nodes, the STRONGER the ASSOCIATION will be

  • Activating one node increases the likelihood that closely associated nodes will be ACTIVATED

<p>Semantic network </p><ul><li><p>An item’s CHARACTERISTICS and ASSOCIATIONS are linked to it </p></li><li><p>The closer the nodes, the STRONGER the ASSOCIATION will be </p></li><li><p>Activating one node increases the likelihood that closely associated nodes will be ACTIVATED </p></li></ul><p></p>
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The office experiment by Brewer and Treyens (1981)

  • 30 subjects were tested

  • Most subjects recalled desks and chairs (WHAT)

  • Few subjects recalled bottle or a picnic table (WHAT)

  • Nine subjects recalled that the office had books (WHAT)

The office experiment by Brewer and Treyens (1981)

  • 30 subjects were tested

  • Most subjects recalled desks and chairs (HITS)

  • Few subjects recalled bottle or a picnic table (HITS)

  • Nine subjects recalled that the office had books (FALSE ALARMS)

<p>The office experiment by Brewer and Treyens (1981) </p><ul><li><p>30 subjects were tested </p></li><li><p>Most subjects recalled desks and chairs (HITS) </p></li><li><p>Few subjects recalled bottle or a picnic table (HITS) </p></li><li><p>Nine subjects recalled that the office had books (FALSE ALARMS) </p></li></ul><p></p>
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What is a Schema

A schema is an organized cluster of knowledge about a particular object or event, abstracted from previous experience with the object or event

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People are more likely to remember things that are consistent with their WHAT than things that are not

People are more likely to remember things that are consistent with their SCHEMAS than things that are not - This explains why most people remembered the desks and chairs, some falsely remembered seeing books, and few remembered the wine bottle and the picnic basket (because these items are not consistent with the office schema).