Bioprocess Engineering

Microbial Growth

The increase in the number of cells in a population of microorganisms over time.

Enzyme Kinetics

The study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and how they change with varying conditions.

Stoichiometry of Growth

The quantitative relationship between reactants and products in microbial growth.

Batch Reactor

A closed system where reactants are added, allowed to react, and products are removed after the reaction is complete.

Fed-Batch Reactor

A system that allows for the addition of nutrients during the fermentation process to prolong microbial growth.

Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactor (CSTR)

A type of reactor where reactants are continuously fed and products are continuously removed.

Sterilization Kinetics

The study of the rates at which microorganisms are killed during sterilization processes.

Oxygen Mass Transfer Coefficient

A measure of how effectively oxygen is transferred from the gas phase into the liquid phase in bioreactors.

Downstream Processing

The steps involved in recovering and purifying bioproducts after fermentation.

Cell Disruption

Techniques used to break open cells to release intracellular products.

Centrifugation

A process that uses centrifugal force to separate substances of different densities in a liquid.

Filtration

The process of separating solids from liquids or gases using a filter medium.

Chromatography

A method for separating components of a mixture based on their different interactions with a stationary phase.

HPLC

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography, a technique for separating and analyzing compounds in a mixture.

Scale-Up Strategies

Methods used to increase the production capacity of a bioprocess from laboratory to industrial scale.

Process Instrumentation

Devices and sensors used to measure and control process variables in biomanufacturing.

Feedback Control Systems

A control mechanism that automatically adjusts process operations based on feedback from output.

Industrial Production of Metabolites

The large-scale manufacture of substances produced by microorganisms that have a commercial value.

Biological Wastewater Treatment

Processes used to treat wastewater using microorganisms to degrade organic pollutants.