Anachem urinary

Function of urinary system

Elimination of waste products such nitrogenous wastes, toxins, and drugs

Kidney

It is an organ which maintains purity and constancy of our internal fluids

Enzyme renin

Help regulate blood pressure

Erythropoietin

A hormone released by kidneys, and stimulates cell blood production in bone marrow

Kidney cells

Helps convert vitamin D

Urinary bladder and urethra

Serves as transportation and temporary storage of urine

Location of kidney

Against the dorsal body wall in a retroperitoneal position; at level T12 to L3

What is the position of the right kidney

Slightly lower than the left kidney

Size of an adult kidney

About 12 cm (5 inches)

Renal (fibrous) capsule

Encloses or surrounds the kidney

Adipose capsule

Provides protection to the kidney

Ptosis

Creates problems if the uterus, drain urine from kidney, becomes kinked

Medullary pyramids

Triangular regions of tissue in the medulla

Renal columns

Extensions of cortex like material inward

Calyces

Cup- shaped structures that funnel urine towards the renal pelvis

Blood flows in the kidneys (starts with aorta)

Aorta- renal artery- segmental artery- lobar artery- interlobar artery- accurate artery- interlobular artery- afferent arteriole

Blood flows in kidney (starts in glomerulus)

Capillaries- efferent arteriole- peritubular capillaries- interlobular vein- accurate vein- interlobar vein- renal vein- inferior vena cava

Nephrons

Responsible for forming urine

• Glomerulus

• Renal tubule

two main structures of nephrons

Glomerulus

Is a specialized capillary bed, cup- shaped hollow structure

Podocytes

It is found in capillaries from the renal tubule. Which have long branch extensions called foot processes

Filtration slits

Allows podocytes to form a leaky membrane or porus