ATI Engage Adult Medical Surgical RN

what is the objective for perioperative nursing care?

provide best evidence based practice to clients at each phase of surgical procedure

what is a diagnostic classification of a surgery/procedure?

exploratory procedures to diagnose or confirm a suspected disease/illness

ablative surgery/procedure

boyd part or tissue is removed/destroyed

constructive surgery/procedure

restores loss of function that may have been present since birth

restorative/reconstruction surgery/procedure

to repair/restore a missing or damaged body part or organ

transplant

transferation of an organ/tissue from one body to another or other part of the body

emergent surgery

required to save a life performed within minutes

urgent surgery

to save a clients life within hours

expedited surgery

not an emergency but needed and can be performed within days

elective surgery

no urgency can can be planned by clients schedule

ASA I

normal, healthy adult

ASA II

client w mild medical conditionsAS

ASA III

moderate to severe medical conditions

ASA IV

client who had a severe medical condition within last 3 months

ASA VI

client who had been declared brain dead and organs are preserved for donation

ASA V

client in critical condition who will likely die without procedure

ex of asa iii

bmi greater than 40

ex of asa ii

adults who smoke/drink socially

ex of asa i

little to no use of alcohol/smoking

ex of asa iv

recent mi or stroke

ex of asa v

client w hx of ruptured aneurysm/organ dysfunction

integumentary changes in older adults

decreased subcutaneous fat and dry/fragile skin for slower healing

musculoskeletal changes in older adults

inflamed joints leading to swelling/discomfort, arthritic joints

renal/urinary changes in older adults

decreased kidney function/excretion

neurological changes in older adults

impaired cognitive function, delayed reactions, sensory deficits

cardiovascular changes in older adults

hyper/hypotension and decreased circulation

respiratory changes in older adults

shortness of breath, decreased oxygenation of blood, dec lung elasticity

diaphragmatic breathing exercise

supine or sit up

slowly exhale with pursed lips

x5

deep breathing exercise

inhale 4 seconds throug nose

hold for 8

exhale for 8 through pursed lips

x3

incentive spirometer

inhale slowly and deeply through mouthpiece, piston will rise toward goal marker

when at goal marker, hold breath for long as possible

exhale slowly and rest

x10 every hour

when should a client receive antibiotics when undergoing a surgery

1 hour before

what are risks of vte with surgery SCPAI

surgical procedures

CVADs

prolonged operative time

anesthesia

immobility

malignant hyperthermia

triggers tachycardia, tachypnea, arrythmia, hyperkalemia, and muscle rigidity under anesthesia