ABO Questions

A lens' focal length can be altered by:

a. Changing the curvature of one surface

b. Coating the surface

c. Making the lens bigger

d. Making the lens smaller

A. changing the curvature of one surface

The reason why is because a lens with a higher angle of curvature will have a shorter focal length since the light waves are refracted at a greater angle with respect to the optical axis of the lens. IF the refractive index increases or becomes more curved the focal length of the lens decreases. Coating the surface of the lenses will only change the properties of the surface not the focal length.

what does exphoria mean?

When the eyes drift outward but is temporary usually cause when the eyes are tired or stressed.

Trivex has an abbe value of?

58

45

30

40

32

33

43-45 it has excellent optics, light weight and high impact resistance

What is the formula for calculating decentration needed to produce a specific amount of prism?

c=F+P

c=P+F

c=P*F

c=F*P

c=P+F

What is the vision range in the intermediate zone of a trifocal?

What is the vision range in the intermediate zone of a trifocal?
a. 12 to 36 inches
b. 10 to 18 inches
c. 18 to 24 inches
d. None of the above.

C. 18-24 inches; Anything beyond 24 inches is considered distance and anything from 0-18 inches is considered close range.;

Which lens material is recommended for drill mounted frames?
a. Glass
b. Trivex
c. Plastic
d. Polycarbonate,

B. Trivex- Drilling holes in plastic and glass materials will cause them to shatter.;

All of the following steps are performed to determine a patient's refraction, except:
a. Visual field test
b. Tonometry
c. Measurement of visual acuity
d. External examination

B. Tonometry- it is used to measure a patients eye

Which is the best option for a patient who wants to be able to see up close at the top of their glasses and at the bottom of their glasses?

A. Order a trifocal lens

B. Order a single vision lens

C. Request the lab to make an upside-down bifocal lens

D. Order a double d lens

D. Order A Double lens

A double lens has a bifocal segment at the top of a lens and at the bottom of the lens. This allows the wearer to be able to see up close from the top and the bottom and the middle would be for distance

What is a Fresnel prism?

A. The name for the press-on prisms that can be added to an existing lens

B. The name for a prism ground into a lens

C. The name of the person who discovered the need for prism in lenses

D. None of the above

A. The name for the press on prisms that can be added to an existing lens.

a Fresnel prism is used as a temporary treatment if a patient's double vision is expected to change over time.

The refraction that a patient likes the most is known as what?

a. Cycloplegic refraction

b. Comfortable refraction

c. Objective refraction

d. Subjective refraction

subjective refraction

A subjective refraction has patient input from the objective refraction they look through the phoropter with different trial lenses to achieve patient satisfaction.

What does the term "ametropia" mean?

a. Errors were made by the optician in interpreting the prescription

b. A refraction was done incorrectly

c. The eye has an abnormality preventing light from focusing on the retina correctly

d. A and B only

C. the eye has an abnormality preventing light from focusing on the retina correctly

Meniscus, equiconcave and flat concave are types of:

a. Astigmatic lenses

b. Minus lenses

c. Plus lenses

d. Spherocylinder lenses

B. Minus lenses

Minus lenses correct for near sightedness or myopia which means a person can see objects up close but not far away.

What kind of lens has one convex and one concave surface?

a. Biconcave

b. Biconvex

c. Meniscus

d. Plano-convex

C. meniscus

Which word is used to describe light's changing direction as it passes from one medium to another?

a. Diffusion

b. Reflection

c. Refraction

d. Retraction

C. Refraction

Refraction refers to how light slows and bends when passing from air a light density medium into transparent glass or plastic, a high density medium

What controls the amount of light that enters the eye?

a. Crystalline Lens

b. Fovea

c. Iris

d. Pupil

C. Iris

The amount of light entering the eye is controlled by the muscles of the iris. These muscles control the size of the pupil making it larger dilate to allow more light in or smaller constricted to restrict the amount of light entering.

What is the term used to describe the eye's tendency to turn from its normal position?

a. Exophoria

b. Exotropia

c. Phoria

d. Tropia

C. Phoria

Phoria is defined as a misalignment of the eyes. It is only apparent some of the time appears when the eyes are fatigued.

What is the refractive condition in which light focuses directly on the retina?

a. Emmetropia

b. Hyperopia

c. Myopia

d. Presbyopia

A. Emmetropia- For people who do not need glasses.

How is multifocal height usually measured?

a. From the lower edge of the lens

b. From the upper edge of the lens

c. From the lower edge of the frame

d. From the upper edge of the frame

A. From the lower edge of the lens:

Which of the following is an advantage to a titanium frame?

a. Corrosion resistant

b. Easy to adjust

c. Returns to original shape after bending

d. None of the above

A. Corrosion resistance- Titanium frames are also hypoallergenic

Which term is used to describe the outward inclination of the bottom of a framed lens?

a. Pantoscopic

b. Periscopic

c. Retractive

d. Retroscopic

D. Retroscopic

It brings the bottom edge of the frame front outward from the face. It's to prevent the frame from resting on a persons cheek.

Aphakia is:

a. The absence of accommodation

b. The absence of the crystalline lens

c. The presence of a cataract

d. The presence of a refractive error

B. The absence of the crystalline lens.

The cornea's index of refraction is:

a. 1.31

b. 1.37

c. 1.47

d. 1.51

B. 1.37

A new lens paced in the eye after cataract surgery is known as:

a. Pseudophakia

b. Aphakia

c. Myopia

d. Presbyopia

A. Pseudophakia

Which frame materials are hypoallergenic?

a. Aluminum

b. Titanium

c. Both A and B

d. Monel

C. Both A and B

The reference marks on a progressive lens allow you to:

a. Determine the add power of the lens

b. Know who the manufacturer of the lens is

c. Determine the distance reference points on the lens

d. All of the above

D. All of the above

What does the term "short corridor" mean in reference to a progressive lens?

a. A shorter amount of space in the frame vertically for all of the ranges of vision going from far to near

b. A shorter amount of space in the lens for the distance prescription

c. A shorter amount of space in the lens for the near prescription

d. A shorter amount of width of the progressive lens

A. A shorter amount of space in the frame vertically for all of the ranges of vision going from far to near

Polarized lenses are not recommended for:

a. Snow skiers

b. Pilots

c. Fisherman

d. Surfers

B. Pilots

Which frame type would be the best choice for a child who suffers from a seizure disorder?

a. A nylon frame

b. A memory metal frame

c. A metal frame with spring hinges

d. A drill mount frame

B. A memory metal frame

What can be done if a patient who has a high plus lens is complaining that their new eyeglasses make their eyes appear too big? Bonus question what type of material would be best for them?

a. Tell them that this is a natural consequence of their prescription

b. Suggest that you change the lens material of their glasses

c. Offer to tint their glasses

d. Offer to select a new frame

c. Suggest that you can change the lens material of their glasses. An aspheric lens material

Why is it important at dispensing to place the wearer's new eyewear on them yourself?

a. To establish control of the dispensing

b. To ensure the patient does not drop the glasses

c. To prevent voiding any warranties

d. To speed up the dispensing process

A. To establish control of the dispensing

What should you always do when a parent is purchasing their child's first pair of prescription eyewear?

a. Explain to the parent the safety of the lenses

b. Explain to the parent the care needed for the glasses

c. Explain to the parent the qualities of the lenses

d. All of the above.

D. All of the above

The hard resin material used in plastic lenses is known as:

a. Cellulose acetate

b. CR-39

c. CR-49

d. PMMA

B. CR-39

Which private agency is responsible for establishing commercial and industry standards?

a. ANSI

b. ASCII

c. ASTM

d. None of the above

A. ANSI is a private agency that oversees the standard for products services and etc

Which regulatory organization is responsible for requiring ophthalmic practices to issue a patient's prescription for eyeglasses upon completion of an examination?

a. OSHA

b. IJCAHPO

c. FTC

d. FDA

C. FTC

An organization that requires all ophthalmic practices to provide the patient with an eyeglasses rx upon completion of an eye exam

What does Duty to Warn pertain to in opticianry?

a. You have the Duty to Warn a patient on the proper care of their eyeglasses

b. You have the Duty to Warn of any possible dangers of contact lens wear

c. You have the Duty to Warn of the impact resistance of lenses for children

d. You have the Duty to Warn a patient of consequences if they do not wear their prescription eyewear

C. You have the duty to warn of the impact resistance of lenses for children

What is the ANSI standard for cylinder axis tolerance for a cylinder power that is greater than 1.50?

a. 14 degrees (+/-)

b. 2 degrees (+/-)

c. 5 degrees (+/-)

d. 7 degrees (+/-)

B. 2 degrees

What is myopia?

Farsightedness or nearsightedness

Nearsightedness : is when the light focuses in front of the retina

The ED (Effective diameter) of a lens is used primarily to determine select all that apply

a. Twice the longest radius from the geometric center to the edge.

b. The patients PD

c. The curvature of the lens

d. The minimum blank size required to cut the lens the lens material

D. The minimum blank size required to cut the lens.

A patient with an inverted triangle or pear shaped face narrow forehead wide jaw would be best suited for:

A. A bold dark frame with strong brown line or cast eye shape

B. A very narrow rimless frame

C. large round frame

D. A light-colored delicate frame

A. A bold dark frame with strong brown line or cat eye shape

What is the A measurement in the boxing system:

A. The horizontal width of the lens

B. The diagonal of the lens

C. The vertical depth of the lens

D. The bridge size

A. The horizontal width of the lens

The condition of vertical imbalance is most likely to cause symptoms at the reading level for a patient with

A. Presbyopia only

B. Antimetropia

C. Isometropia

D. Emmetropia

B. Antimetropia

A patient who has opposite signs (+/-)in each eye

Which of these is a benefit of a nylon cord (semi rimless) mounting?

A. It creates an unobstructed lower field of view

B. It is the most durable option

C. It is suitable for all lens materials

D. It is easy to adjust

A. It created an unobstructed lower field of view

A gold lens is often characterized by

A. A full field progressive design

B. A progressive lens with a distance only top and a very wide intermediate zone

C. A small round segment at the bottom

D. A single vision lens with a strong tint

What is hyperopia?

Farsightedness or nearsightedness

Farsightedness : occurs when the light focuses behind the retina

What does exotropia mean?

When the eyes are turned outwards but it is more frequent and noticeable

What does tropia mean?

Is when the eye is never straight it is constantly turned in, out, up, or down

what is an objective refraction?

an objective refraction is obtained by the use of an auto refraction and does not require any patient input.

Which frame adjustment lowers the front of the frame?

a. Bending the pad arms down

b. Bringing the pads closer together

c. More pantoscopic tilt

d. Spreading pads further apart

D. Spreading the pads further apart

Which instrument measures vertex distance?

a. Distometer

b. Lensometer

c. Polariscope

d. Vertometer

A. Distometer

What material has the most favorable optical properties?

a. Crown glass

b. Plastic

c. Polycarbonate

d. Trivex

A. Crown glass - It's the most scratch resistant and are usually more thinner but decrease the vision

A polariscope is used to detect internal lens stress.

True or False

True

A monocular PD is given as one number.

True or False

false

To what does a ptosis crutch give support?

a. Lower lid

b. Nasal bridge

c. Nose pads

d. Upper lid

d. Upper lids

A ptosis crutch is added to a frame to help patients with their droopy upper eyelids

What is the best lens treatment to reduce water and road surface glare?

a. AR

b. Dark tint

c. Photochromic

d. Polarized

D. Polarized

What color of sunglasses are most preferred by pilots? And why?

a. Orange

b. Gray green

c. Brown

d. Gray

B. Gray green Because It does not distort other colors

What should you do after adjusting the angle on a patient's glasses to correct the imbalance on the patient's face?

a. Check the temple fold alignment

b. Adjust the nosepieces

c. Shorten the temples

d. None of the above

A. Check the temple fold alignment