Chemistry words chapter 6 and 8

Atomic mass unit (amu)

A mass unit equal to 1.66 x 10–24 g or 1.661 x 10–27 kg.

Mole

The number 6.02 x 10^23; the number of atoms in 12.0000 g of carbon.

Standard temperature and pressure

Conditions of one atmosphere of pressure and 0 °C.

Empirical formula

The simplest ratio of atoms in a substance.

Atomic mass

The mass of an atom's protons and neutrons expressed in atomic mass units (amu) on the periodic table.

Formula Mass

The sum of the atomic masses of all atoms in a chemical formula expressed in atomic mass units (amu).

Standard molar volume

The amount of space taken up by 1 mole of any gas at standard temperature and pressure; equal to 22.4 L.

Molecular formula

The exact number and types of atoms in a molecule.

Molar mass

The mass of one mole of a substance.

Molecular Mass

The formula mass of a covalent compound.

Hydrate

A compound that has water attached to its structure.

Avogadro’s number

The number of atoms contained in one mole, 6.02 x 10^23.

Anhydride

A compound that contains no water particles.

Molecular weight

The mass in grams of one mole of an element or compound.

Stoichiometry

The study of the amounts of substances involved in a chemical reaction.

Actual yield

The amount obtained in the lab by actual experiment.

Mole ratio

A ratio comparison between substances in a balanced equation.

Percent yield

The ratio of the amount of product actually obtained by experiment to the amount of product calculated theoretically.

Excess reactant

The substance that remains after the reaction is complete.

Theoretical yield

Expected amount produced if everything reacts completely.

Limiting reactant

The substance that is used up first during a reaction.