Basics of Plumbing & Sanitation

A potable water system provides a continuous supply of clean and safe ________ water.

drinking

The potable water system delivers water to fixtures and ________ throughout a building.

appliances

Potable water may come from wells, reservoirs, or municipal water ________.

supplies

The potable water system supplies ________ water.

drinkable

Potable water is distributed through a network of ________.

pipes

Potable water systems are connected to sinks, showers, toilets, and ________.

appliances

With municipal service, city water enters the building through a service ________.

line

City water passes through shut-off ________ for maintenance and emergencies.

valves

Cold water is distributed directly to ________.

fixtures

Some water enters the water ________ before distribution.

heater

Water from the heater is distributed as ________ water.

hot

Without municipal service, water is obtained from a deep ________.

well

A ________ brings groundwater to the surface.

pump

Groundwater passes through filtration and treatment systems before ________.

use

The vent system regulates air pressure within the ________ system.

drainage

The vent system ensures smooth ________ flow.

wastewater

The vent system safely releases sewer gases outside the ________.

building

Vent systems prevent siphonage in plumbing ________.

traps

Vent systems remove foul-smelling and harmful ________.

gases

Vent systems maintain proper airflow within ________.

pipes

Siphonage is the removal of water from a ________.

trap

Siphonage is caused by suction created by flowing ________.

wastewater

Siphonage can break the water ________.

seal

A broken water seal may allow sewer gases to enter the ________.

building

When a toilet is flushed, wastewater moves through the ________ pipes.

drain

Wastewater movement creates ________ pressure behind the flow.

negative

Vent pipes introduce air to ________ pressure.

equalize

Air enters through roof ________.

vents

Roof vents prevent gurgling sounds and trap ________.

siphonage

The sanitary drainage system removes ________ from a building.

wastewater

The sanitary drainage system collects wastewater from bathrooms, kitchens, and ________ areas.

laundry

Sanitary drainage systems prevent harmful gases and ________ from entering occupied spaces.

odors

Wastewater is directed to a municipal sewer or ________ system.

septic

Sanitary drainage systems include ________ for maintenance access.

cleanouts

A cleanout is an access point used to inspect and clear ________ in drainage pipes.

blockages

With municipal service, wastewater flows through branch drains and the main ________.

drain

The main drain connects to the municipal ________.

sewer

Municipal sewers are typically located beneath the ________.

street

Without municipal service, wastewater flows into a septic tank called a ________ Negro.

Pozo

In a septic tank, solids settle at the ________.

bottom

Liquids flow out of the septic tank into a ________ field.

leach

A leach field is also called a ________ field.

drain

Liquids undergo natural filtration into the ________.

soil

Solids must be periodically removed by a ________ truck.

vacuum

The stormwater system collects and removes ________ from outdoor surfaces.

rainwater

The stormwater system helps prevent flooding and water ________.

damage

Stormwater systems consist of gutters, downspouts, and underground drain ________.

pipes

Stormwater may discharge into drainage ponds, rivers, storm drains, or rainwater ________ systems.

harvesting

Rainwater first falls onto the ________.

roof

________ collect and channel rainwater.

Gutters

Downspouts direct water away from the ________.

building

Stormwater is discharged into nearby waterways or stormwater ________.

infrastructure

Stormwater is collected through gutters and storm ________.

drains

Stormwater may pass through pumping stations when elevation ________ are required.

changes

Stormwater is eventually discharged into rivers, lakes, or other receiving bodies of ________.

water

Wastewater travels through the sanitary ________ system.

drainage

Wastewater may pass through ________ stations to reach higher elevations.

lift

Wastewater is sent to a sewage treatment ________.

plant

Wastewater undergoes multiple treatment ________.

stages

Treated wastewater is safely released back into the ________.

environment

The potable water system is commonly identified by the color ________.

blue

The sanitary drainage system is commonly identified by the color ________.

green

Reclaimed water and irrigation systems are commonly identified by the color ________.

violet

Fuel gas systems are commonly identified by the color ________.

yellow

The potable water system carries potable ________.

water

The vent system carries air and sewer ________.

gases

The sanitary drainage system carries sewage and ________.

wastewater

The stormwater system carries ________.

rainwater

The fuel gas system carries natural gas, propane, and fuel ________.

gases

Enumerate the purposes of the potable water system.

Provide Clean Drinking Water; Deliver Water to Fixtures; Deliver Water to Appliances

Enumerate the sources of potable water.

Wells; Reservoirs; Municipal Water Supplies

Enumerate the features of the potable water system.

Supplies Potable Water; Distributed Through Pipes; Connected to Fixtures and Appliances

Enumerate the steps in potable water distribution with municipal service.

City Water Enters Service Line; Passes Through Shut-Off Valves; Cold Water Distributed to Fixtures; Water Enters Heater; Hot Water Distributed

Enumerate the steps in potable water distribution without municipal service.

Water Obtained from Deep Well; Pump Brings Water to Surface; Water is Filtered and Treated

Enumerate the purposes of the vent system.

Regulate Air Pressure; Ensure Smooth Wastewater Flow; Release Sewer Gases

Enumerate the features of the vent system.

Prevents Siphonage; Removes Harmful Gases; Maintains Airflow

Enumerate the effects of siphonage.

Removes Water from Trap; Breaks Water Seal; Allows Sewer Gases into Building

Enumerate the steps in vent system operation.

Toilet is Flushed; Wastewater Creates Negative Pressure; Vent Pipes Introduce Air; Pressure Equalizes; Siphonage Prevented

Enumerate the purposes of the sanitary drainage system.

Remove Wastewater; Collect Wastewater from Bathrooms; Collect Wastewater from Kitchens; Collect Wastewater from Laundry Areas

Enumerate the features of the sanitary drainage system.

Prevents Odors; Prevents Harmful Gases; Directs Wastewater to Sewer or Septic System; Includes Cleanouts

Enumerate the steps of sanitary drainage with municipal service.

Wastewater Flows Through Branch Drains; Wastewater Flows Through Main Drain; Main Drain Connects to Municipal Sewer

Enumerate the steps of sanitary drainage without municipal service.

Wastewater Enters Septic Tank; Solids Settle; Liquids Flow to Leach Field; Natural Soil Filtration Occurs; Solids Removed by Vacuum Truck

Enumerate the purposes of the stormwater system.

Collect Rainwater; Remove Rainwater; Prevent Flooding; Prevent Water Damage

Enumerate the components of the stormwater system.

Gutters; Downspouts; Underground Drain Pipes

Enumerate the steps in stormwater drainage.

Rain Falls on Roof; Gutters Collect Water; Downspouts Direct Water Away; Water Discharges to Infrastructure

Enumerate what happens to stormwater.

Collected by Gutters; Collected by Storm Drains; Routed Through Pumping Stations if Needed; Discharged into Rivers or Lakes

Enumerate what happens to wastewater.

Travels Through Sanitary Drainage System; Passes Through Lift Stations; Sent to Treatment Plant; Undergoes Treatment; Released into Environment

Enumerate the color codes of plumbing systems.

Blue-Potable Water; Green-Sewers and Drain Lines; Violet/Purple-Reclaimed Water; Yellow-Fuel Gas

Enumerate the plumbing systems compared in the table.

Potable Water System; Vent System; Sanitary Drainage System; Stormwater System; Fuel Gas System