the significance of events and indivuald : the battle of clontibret 1695 , yellow ford 1598 , curlew pass 1599 , and the collapse of th munter plantation

clontirebt - 1595 - ulster - what happned

• tyronne a,bushed bagenals men with 1750 men who were marching in a column on the road to monghan castle

• using wooded terrain to harras the english with skirmish fire , the english ran shrot of gunpower and were attacked againon return , retreating into newry

clontibret 1595 - why did english loose

• marhced in lign exposed collumn

• terrain favoured the irish mobility making the english ridgid

• gunpowder shortages - engluish supply lines were isrupted

• couldnt adapt to irish tactics of hit and run

• limite troops

clontibret - significance

• first mmajor proof that english armies coul be out maneuvered

• undermiend english control in ultster

• boosted irish morales , tyrones moral

• shook english cofnidence

clontbret - what does ti shwo about the war

• conflict to be log , tactical and terrain drivion

• not to be quivkly suprresed

battle of yellow ford - ulster - 1598 - tyronne , earl of ormond , bagenal - what happened

• english marched to revive balckwarter ford

• tyronne trapped them on a narrow way

• bagenal was killed , the english army colpassed and retreated

• the victory triggered the collpse of the munster plantaon

yellow ford - why did the english loose

• terrain chose by tyrone , boggy , narrow , impossible for nelgihs formations

• bagenals death destroyed command strucutre

• irish forces were dicsiplines , entrecnhed and well coodinated

• english panic , hwavy casualty and disorganised

• ormonds troops were full of irish solders which couldnt be trusted

significance

• worst english defeat of the war

• englis control shrank to dublic , dorg=hedd and a few town

• munster plantation - decause of colonisation collapsed in weeks

• irish moralee soared - english panic spread

• proved tyronne coud win a mjor battle

what does ti show about the war

• the war escalalted int oa national crisis

• england wa no longer suppressing a rebellion

• retaling entire position in ireland

collapse of the munster plantation - 1598 - irish remends - ormond - earl of essex - what happened

• after defeat at yellow ford , reelleion spreadi nto munster

• tyronnes influence reached the south especially after he granted the title , earl of desmond - giving the legigtimiacy

• english srttlers were isolated and lacked protection

• irish rebels attacked thep lantation , settlemt settlers abandoned their lanfs and led to fortified towns

munster - why did the english loose

• no military backbrown = once yelow ford ell , settlers had no portection

• geographically vulnerable - settlers were scattered acrossmunster making it an easy target

• tyronne national authority ability to grand titles gave rebels political stability

• froces tied up in ulster , munster was elft exposed

munter signfiicance

• entire plantation wiped

• decades of collonisation collapsed

• proved that english control outside the pale was limited

• forced elizabeth to rething strategically - send essex a large amount of troops

• if munster could fall then anywehere else could

elizabeths response

• shock defeat at yellow ford , sent 1900 troops to protext dublin

• further 6300 to help stop munster revellion from spreading

• replaced burgh with the earl of essex as lord leutenant ) english title )

• given 1700 troops , however prooved to be illsuite due to asking for a truce rather than defeatign tyronne

why does it show about the war

• 9 year war became an ational uprising

• de facto ruler of ireland

• english stragety was reactive , oversteched and falling

• who rules ireland ?

curlew pass 1599 - CONNAUGHT - essex - o cconor - -sir conyer clifford - hugh roe odenlla - what happened

• essex ordered clifford ( president of connaught ) to rescue o connoir 9 irish cheiftan)

• clifford marched through curlew pass and was abmushed my odonnel in narrow wodded terrain

• clifford was kills and the english army had to re routed

curlew ppass - why did the english loose

• ambushedi n a terrain they couldnt fight in

• poor preparation and low morale

• could not form battle lines

• clifford death caused collapse in leadership

• loss of supply and conhesion

curlew pass , significance

• further weeakend controll in connaught

• humiliated essex and exposed his incompetence

• reinforced irish beleif that english armies were vulnerable

• deepend enlish dear that the war was sprialing out of control

what t doesit show about the war

• irish held initative, using terrain and timing to do minate

• english forces were reactive , overstretched and repetedly out maneouvered

most signficant turning point

• the collpase ofthem unster plantation

• this is hwere irish rebels turned from a regional threat ot an ationa l threat

• exposing fragilityof englosh control due to the collpase of a 14 year plantation , foricng many settlers to flee

• exposing vulnerability , if munster could collpase after decades of control anyehrte can

• forced elizabeth to rethik stragegy and sening first major english army under essex and stil not capatalised

• deemend a a significant turning point